الحب في شعر "عبد الوهاب البياتي" (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
عبد الوهاب البیاتی شاعر الوطن والمنفى، وشاعر الحب والسیاسه، وشاعر الحریّه والالتزام، له عوالم واسعه ومثمره ناتجه عن معاناه طویله فی الوطن والمنافی والتی تعرف فیها على کبار الشعراء من مختلف أنحاء العالم، هاجر وتنقل إلى بلدان کثیره وکانت المنتدیات الثقافیّه والأدبیّه تحاوره وتحتفی به أینما حلّ، کان شاعراً حقیقیّاً یجسّد الواقع ویرفض الاحتواء ویعتبره خطراً ولا یحصر نفسه فی مکانٍ أو زمانٍ معین، ولا یضع لنفسه سلاسل ولا قیود تعیق کتابته، ولا یرى شیئاً غیر ممکن أو مستحیلاً، ولا ینتمی لمدرسه شعریّه أو اتجاه أدبیّ معیّن، فهو لا ینشد الشعر فحسب وإنما یبحث فی شعره عن وسائل الخلاص للإنسان، فهو شاعر المنافی والفقراء والبحث عن البقاء. یهدف هذا المقال إلى تسلیط الضوء على الجانب العاطفیّ للبیاتی والذی فیه نوع من الغموض، وذلک بالاعتماد على کتاباته وشعره وبعض الدراسات والبحوث الرصینه التی أقیمت حوله باستخدام الأسلوب التحلیلیّ والوصفیّ. وقد توصّلنا إلى أن حب البیاتی للوطن امتزج مع حبه للحبیب وکان بالنسبه له أی فصل بینهما یعد بمثابه جریمه قتل للآخر، وغیاب الحبیبه جعله یجود العالم بحثاً عنها وأیّ مکان یجدها فیه فهو وطن له، فکان له حبّ أزلی والذی کان فی وطنه الأول، لکن صوره تعدّدت بعدها؛ لأن الحب عنده هو جوهر الوجود فالفاعل یبقى هو هو أما الصور فتتغیر، وهذا ما جعله یطوف على أبواب مدینته وأبواب مدن العالم بحثاً عمن یحب.Love in the Poetry “Abdul Wahab Bayati”
Bayati is a poet of homeland and exile, a poet of love and politics, a poet of freedom and commitment. His world is comprehensive and is the result of his many pains suffered in his homeland and in exile. He also travelled to many countries and attended many cultural-literary seminars and conferences. He is a poet in true sense portraying reality; he does not imprison himself in a specific time and place, and no limitation and restriction stops him from writing, and nothing is impossible for him. He is not affiliated with any literary school and does not write poem only for the sake of poetry, but in search of means of human liberation in his poems. He is the poet of the exiles and the poors and in search of survival and immortality. The present article aims at examining Bayati's emotional and political view studying his poems and some research conducted on poems. The methodology of the present study is analytical and descriptive. It is concluded that Bayati's love for his homeland is interwoven with his love for his beloved, and for him separating them is ruining both of them. The absence of his beloved made him look for her in the world, and wherever he finds her, it will be his homeland. Bayati's love is eternal and everlasting, but has many forms, because in his opinion, love is the gem of existence and the lover remains forever but in different forms. This matter made him search for his beloved in his city, his country, and the entire world. Keywords: Poetry, Love, Homeland, Bayati. Extended summary 10 Introduction Al-Bayati lived between politics and love, his country Iraq was an area for conflicts and the political opposition at the time, and thats what gave his poetry a clear political character mixed with misery, rejecting humiliation, supporting freedom, and demanding justice, but despite this misery he was trying to overcome the obstacles and difficulties of life by drawing a new picture of life full of love affection hope and mercy. He met his first love in his homeland but separation soon separated him from his beloved which made him search for his lover in the east and west of the earth expressing in symbols and myths and embodying his lover in another person and another place. There is no doubt that Al-Bayati is renowned poet in both arab and international, naturally many studies have been conducted on him, but most focused on his political rather than emotional side, however in this study the author addressed the subject of love its components and the various aspects of this concept in Al-Bayati’s poetry, which constitutes a novel study of its kind. 20 Materials & Methods This study adopts a descriptive - analytical approach to explore love and its forms in al Bayati’s poetry he embodied his beloved in different images in his poetry by creating personal symbols through which he embodied the beloved, we even find that some symbols dominated some of the diwans, that is the poet relied on the language of suggestion and allusion without explicitness or specificity and this requires description and analysis to understand and study the emotional aspect of his poetry. In context this study attempts to answer the following questions: How did Al-Bayati employ the concept of love in his diwans? What language did Al-Bayati use in his emotional poetry? We find the main features of the concept of love evident in Al-Bayati’s poetry, It is: rebellion against the rules inherited from classical literature, Seeing reality mixed with emotion and imagination this why the romantic adds to reality through his imagination and feelings, Individualism and subjectivity, which the romantic soul believes in to liberate itself from repressed desires, Nature as a source of inspiration and beauty, a place for spiritual contemplation, and a haven to escape from reality and the artificial world in which customs and traditions prevent one from taking off. Research findings Al-Bayati embodied his imaginary lover throughout his poetry collections in various images, including: Aisha; who is Al-Bayati's favorite symbol and his personal creation, she is a recurring feminine essence which Al-Bayati made it as a basic symbol of his personal symbols so that we can consider it a pure symbol of the poet, he crafted it into a modern mythical creation, through them he expressed his humane stances and reflected his vision of the universe and life around him, other feminine symbols carry a small semantic package and their effect is clear in the performance, some of them appear under names that may have existed in reality, But it was used symbolically, while others have a mythical dimension, or were invented by the poet himself, such as: Nadia, Shirin, Yasmine, Hind and Scheherazade whose model Al-Bayati elevated to such an extent that she become the symbol expressing the complete female partner no longer a body for pleasure a face for contemplation or a commodity for sale. And Penelope, Catherine, Ishtar, and lara who is one of the most hidden, and elusive of Al-Bayati's symbols, as she appears with faces of reality and imagination, truth and myth, matter and legend. Discussion of Results & Conclusion Al-Bayati begins his story with women in his small world: the world of exile and the city the world of childhood glor, youth and the pride of the little man. His experiences with women were characterized by that exhausting type shrouded in mystery and misery, rather it might even represent hell itself carrying him from exile to exile, from one time to another, love was a deadly burden and an obstacle between him and the happiness that any young child aspires to. we can summarize the most important components of love as: love homeland and freedom, Al-Bayati wrote about the poor and the oppressed about alienation and exile and about tyrannical rulers who shed the blood of their people. Sufi love and revelation, Al-Bayati's potery was influenced by its blend of sufi and mythological symbols and heritage which constituted one of the most important features of his poetic presence and modernity. love and deprivation, which we found the idea of love in his poetry is often associated with the duality of death and deprivation, the poet often expresses experiences of love that carry within them failure and loss, this duality does not imply complete despair, but rather is part of his philosophical vision of life which includes suffering and pain, and this pain can be a catalyst for creativity and deep thought.
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