مقاربة سيميائية أنثروبولوجية للاستعارة التصويرية في شعر كريم معتوق (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
برز موضوع مخططات الصوره إثر بحوث ودراسات، قام بها بعض العلماء المعاصرین فی مجال اللسانیات المعرفیه، کجونسون ولایکوف، محاوله منهم للقیام بفهم عمیق وحدیث للاستعاره. فالاستعاره الحدیثه التی یسمّیها جونسون استعاره مفهومیه، تقوم على المفاهیم التجریدیه التی یحاول الذهن البشری أن یجد ویخلق لها تعبیرا مادیا ملموسا، من خلال الاستعانه بالتجربه المعاشه للإنسان بجسمه فی بیئته وحیاته. تعتبر الاستعاره التصویریه (مخططات الصوره)، التی تندرج فی إطار الاستعاره المفهومیه، صوره جسدانیه لمفاهیم تجریدیه نفهمها بعون تجاربنا الفضائیه المکانیه والحرکیه. إنّ هذه التجارب هی جزء من الثقافه التی ننتمی إلیها کفرد، وکجزء من جماعه توارثت هذه الثقافه بشکل إرادی شعوری، وکذلک لاشعوری ضمن النسق الثقافی الذی یشکّل نظره تلک الجماعه إلى الحیاه وفهمها منها، وطریقه ممارستها لتجارب الحیاه، بما فی ذلک الثقافه التعبیریه التی تتّصف بها. إنّ السیمیائیه الأنثروبولوجیه التی یتّخذها هذا البحث بناءً على المنهج الوصفی التحلیلی، تستجلی الدلاله الثقافیه الإنسانیه للتعبیرات اللغویه الجمالیه العربیه المتجسّده بالاستعاره التصویریه فی شعر کریم معتوق أوّلا، وکذلک ثمّ البحث عن منظومه القواعد التی تشکّل الخطاب التعبیری العربی، وجذوره التراثیه، ومنطلقاته العائده إلى تجربه الشاعر الفردیه والجماعیه. توصّل البحث إلى نتائج عدّه، أهمّها: أن شعر هذا الشاعر الإماراتی المعاصر قد اتسم بالروح التراثیه، والمسحه الثقافیه العربیه التی ترکت أثرها فی شعره. وکذلک تبیّن أن الذاکره الجماعیه لمجتمع الشاعر بما تحمل من عناصر بدائیه وصور نموذجیه أوّلیه، قد ترکت بصماتها فی الاستعاره التصویریه الموظّفه من قبل الشاعر، فتمثّلت بثنائیّات متقابله متجذّره فی النسق الثقافی للمجتمع العربی الخلیجی، کما أنّ الشاعر وظّف استدعاء التراث بأنواعه فی مخططات الصوره لدیه.An Anthropological-Semiotic Approach to Image Schemas in the Poetry of Karim Ma'touq
The concept of image schemas has emerged from the research conducted by contemporary scholars in cognitive linguistics, such as Johnson and Lakoff, who sought a deeper understanding of metaphor. Johnson referred to this modern interpretation as "conceptual metaphor", which was grounded in abstract concepts that the human mind endeavors to express tangibly through lived experiences within its environment. Image schemas situated within the framework of conceptual metaphor represent bodily images of abstract concepts that we comprehend through our spatial and kinetic experiences. These experiences are shaped by the culture to which we belong, influencing our collective and individual identities, as well as our emotional and unconscious connections within the cultural patterns that define our worldview and life practices, including the expressive culture that characterizes us.
This research employed an anthropological semiotics approach, utilizing a descriptive-analytical method to uncover the cultural and human significance of Arabic linguistic-aesthetic expressions embodied in image schemas within the poetry of Karim Ma'touq. The study investigated the system of rules constituting Arabic expressive discourse, its heritage roots, and the individual and collective poetic experiences that shape it. The research yielded several important findings, revealing that the poetry of contemporary Emirati poet Karim Ma'touq was infused with a heritage spirit and an Arab cultural essence that significantly impacted his work. It also demonstrated that the collective memory of the poet's society, along with its foundational elements and primary images, had influenced the image schemas he employed, which were characterized by rooted opposing dualities within the cultural framework of Gulf Arab society. Additionally, the poet utilized various forms of heritage invocation in his image schemas.
Introduction
This research aimed to analyze image schemas in the poetry of Emirati poet Karim Ma'touq. The study sought to identify the types of image schemas employed, explored how these schemas reflected Arab cultural heritage, understood their anthropological implications, and traced the roots of Ma'touq's poetic language in classical Arabic literature. The research posited that image schemas were mental representations of recurring patterns of experience that shaped our understanding of the world and influenced our self-expression. Furthermore, it suggested that Ma'touq's poetry was profoundly rooted in Arab culture, with his image schemas serving as a reflection of this heritage.
The background of this research highlighted a significant gap in the study of image schemas within Arabic poetry. While there were few studies on Arabic literature, they often failed to delve deeply into modern Arabic poetry, such as that of Karim Ma'touq. Additionally, there was a noticeable lack of research that integrated the concept of image schemas with semiotic-anthropological studies, particularly in the context of contemporary Arabic poetry. Consequently, there were insufficient analyses of image schemas in the works of modern Arab poets like Ma'touq.
This research sought to address the following questions:
- What types of image schemas are present in Karim Ma'touq's poetry?
- How are cultural and anthropological elements manifested in the image schemas used in Ma'touq's poetry?
- What anthropological implications can be inferred from the image schemas in his work?
Materials & Methods
This research aimed to conduct a descriptive-analytical study of the image schemas in the poetry of Karim Ma'touq from a semiotic-anthropological perspective. The focus was on uncovering the deep cultural meanings embedded in these schemas and how they reflected the cultural identity of the poet and his society.
Methodology
Selection of Corpus: A selection of Karim Ma'touq's poems that prominently featured image schemas were compiled.
Textual Analysis: A detailed analysis of the poetic texts was conducted to identify and classify these schemas.
Symbolic and Social Meanings: Each image schema was examined for its symbolic and social implications, connecting these meanings to broader Arab culture and, more specifically, Emirati culture.
Comparative Analysis: The poet's use of image schemas was compared with the works of critics and researchers in the field.
Cultural Context: The cultural and social contexts in which the poet emerged were studied to better understand the elements embodied in the image schemas.
Conceptual Metaphor Theory: This theory was employed to elucidate how image schemas linked abstract concepts to concrete sensory experiences.
Analytical Procedures:
- Text Gathering: Poetic texts were collected for thorough analysis.
- Schema Identification and Classification: Various image schemas were identified and classified.
- Semantic Analysis: Both the overt and covert meanings of the schemas were analyzed with connections made to Emirati and Arab culture.
Research Findings
This research examined the image schemas employed by Emirati poet Karim Ma'touq, emphasizing their cultural and symbolic significance. Three primary categories of schemas were identified: directional-kinetic, container/containment, and force.
Ma'touq utilized the container schema to express themes of longing and love, drawing parallels to traditional Emirati water storage practices. He employed the force schema to convey feelings of entrapment and struggle, referencing historical concepts, such as war and conflict.
The study also investigated the influence of cultural archetypes on Ma'touq's poetry. The archetype of generosity versus stinginess deeply rooted in Arab culture was reflected in his work. Ma'touq used metaphors of water and dams to illustrate these opposing traits, highlighting the duality of fertility and drought prevalent in Arab cultural narratives.
In conclusion, this research demonstrated how Ma'touq's poetry was deeply rooted in Emirati and Arab cultural traditions. The image schemas he employed served as powerful tools for expressing complex emotions and conveying rich cultural meanings.
Discussion of Results & Conclusion
Ma'touq's poetry encompassed a range of schemas that aligned with the category of conceptual metaphor. However, this research focused on three primary schemas that were particularly amenable to anthropological analysis and cultural semiotic interpretations: the directional-kinetic schema, the container/containment schema, and the force schema.
Ma'touq skillfully invoked cultural heritage within his image schemas to express his emotions, drawing on Arab linguistic, religious, and folk traditions. He effectively weaved cultural elements and symbols from the ancient past with personal experiences that had profoundly influenced his poetry.
A semiotic-anthropological analysis of image schemas in Ma'touq's work revealed the significant impact of ancient Arab heritage, including literature, language, and religious traditions, particularly those rooted in Islamic and Quranic contexts. His poetic language was notably shaped by these ancient expressive styles. This research demonstrated that the image schemas in Ma'touq's poetry were influenced by primordial binary archetypal elements, such as generosity versus stinginess, water versus drought, and sea versus desert—concepts deeply embedded in the poet's cultural and personal life. These themes are recurrent in Arab literature, especially within the Gulf region.
تبلیغات
