طراحی و تبیین مدلی از انگیزه های تشکیل اتحاد استراتژیک (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
در مواجهه با محیط رقابتی، استفاده از اتحادهای استراتژیک، ابزاری برای انعطاف پذیری و سازگاری در جهت دستیابی به اهداف سازمانی و بین سازمانی است. این مطالعه با هدف شناسایی انگیزه های تشکیل اتحاد استراتژیک در صنعت مبل منبت شهرستان ملایر اجرا شد. این مطالعه دارای رویکرد کیفی است. به لحاظ ماهیت توسعه ای و از بعد زمان یک طرح مقطعی و از منظر هدف کاربردی است. روش گردآوری داده های آن میدانی و ابزارش مصاحبه بود. از منظر هستی شناسی ذهن گرا، به لحاظ معرفت شناسی غیراثبات گرا، از نگاه روش شناسی ایده انگار و از موضع انسان شناسی، اختیارگرا است. 20 خبره متشکل از فعالان صنعت مبل منبت، دانشگاهیان و متخصصین در آن مشارکت داشتند. روایی مصاحبه ها با استفاده از روش سه سویه سازی محقق و داده ها و پایایی آن با بهره گیری از ضریب آلفای کریپندورف بین دو گدگذار ارزیابی و تأیید شد. جهت تحلیل داده ها از روش تحلیل مضمون استفاده شد. در مجموع 20 مصاحبه اجرا شد. حاصل تحلیل داده ها منجر به استخراج 94 کد (متشکل از 22 کد آزاد و 72 کد برآمده از مصاحبه)، چهار شبکه ساختاری با عناوین انگیزه های صنعتی، انگیزه های سازمانی، انگیزه های بازاریابی و انگیزه های اقتصادی برای تشکیل اتحاد استراتژیک در صنعت مبل منبت شهرستان ملایر گردید. نتایج این مطالعه منجر به شناخت انگیزه های تشکیل اتحاد استراتژیک در صنعت مبل منبت شهرستان ملایر گردید. براساس این شناخت، پیشنهادات و رهنمودهایی برای مسئولان و فعالان اتحاد مورد مطالعه ارائه شد.Designing and explaining a model of the motivations for constitution a strategic alliance
Introduction : Several evidences of the importance of strategic alliances can be seen in previous literature. In the scientific literature, benefits such as obtaining technology, acquiring resources, learning, Economy of scale, accessing new markets, entering the international market, obtaining labo, and so on. . . Listed for strategic alliances. Nevertheless, previous literature confirms that the formation of these alliances is influenced by motivations that are generally aligned, sometimes different, and sometimes conflicting. For this reason, it is challenging to achieve a framework that fully includes all of them. The basic issue is that the identification of alliance motives has not been seen as much as its importance and role-playing, and despite the significant growth of scientific literature regarding strategic alliances, there is a limited understanding of the motivations for the formation of strategic alliances. In addition, studies have mainly been conducted on the motivations of strategic alliances in developed economies and specific industries. In this study, we focused on the inlaid sofa industry of Malayer City. The furniture industry is one of the industries that has been less discussed in the scientific studies of strategic alliances. This is while the furniture industry constitutes 80% of the total production centers, 4% of the workforce, and 72% of the added value of the entire wood industry in Iran. The abundance of inlaid furniture workshops and factories in Malayer City has turned it into the inlaid furniture capital of Iran and the world city of inlaid furniture and has led to the formation of a strategic alliance with the title of Malayer City Inlaid Furniture Manufacturers and Exporters Association. Considering the importance of this issue as well as the diversity and complexity of the motivations mentioned in the formation of strategic alliances, to organize and structure part of the existing knowledge, this study seeks to fill this gap and contribute to the deeper development of knowledge in the field of motivations for the formation of strategic alliances in the industry. The inlaid sofa is from Malayer City.
Methodology: Since our purpose in conducting this study was to explain and improve the penetrating understanding of the motives of strategic alliances in the furniture industry of Malayer City, a qualitative approach in the form of a case study was used. This study is placed in the paradigm of interpretivism and is subjective from the ontological point of view, non-positivist from the epistemological point of view, nominalistic from the methodological point of view, and optional from the anthropological point of view. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with industry experts. The interview protocol was designed based on the (IPR) method. 20 interviews were conducted with experts, consisting of industry activists in different ranks and levels and university professors working at inlaid sofa Furniture Research Institute. Targeted sampling was used to select experts and continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. To evaluate the validity of the conducted interviews, researcher and data triangulation were used, and for reliability evaluation, Kirpendorf's alpha coefficient was used. Keeping the privacy of the participants, the interviews were recorded and then transcribed, and thematic analysis was used to analyze them, after going through its six stages, several unifying and key themes were obtained and classified.
Results and Discussion: The data obtained from the interviews, in four key themes of industrial motivations consisting of unifying themes of "research and development", "standardization", and "acquisition of technology"; The theme of organizational motivations consists of the unifying themes of "management", "innovation", "learning", "acquisition of resources", "strategy", "collective work" and "legal-Law". The key theme of marketing motives consists of the unifying themes of "customer-related motives", "achieving marketing capabilities", "expanding market scope", "entering foreign markets", "fixing market share" and the key theme of economic motives consisting of the unifying themes of " Financial" and "Saving" was classified.
Conclusion: The findings of this study had a scientific contribution to the advancement and development of literature in four aspects. First, unlike previous studies, this study was conducted with a focus on a developing economy, while previous studies were predominantly conducted in countries with advanced and developed economies. Second, the present study led to the coherent and integrated structuring of the previous scientific literature and the development of a network of integrated themes of the motives for forming alliances. Thirdly, this study implemented the motivations for forming an alliance in the upholstered furniture industry for the first time and provided evidence of it in the scientific literature, fourthly, in this study, motivations such as "legal-legal, drafting technical standards, providing raw materials", feeling the need to form an alliance structure, interest in collective and group work, exporting, avoiding market saturation, creating ease of purchase, creating trust in customers and saving time and money" were added to the scientific literature.
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