تعليم اللغة العربية في ضوء نظرية الذكاءات المتعددة لغاردنر الذكاء اللغوي أنموذجا (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
هناک صله وطیده بین نظریات علم النفس التعلیمیه وتعلیم اللغه. تعد نظریه غاردنر للذکاءات المتعدده، من جمله النظریات التعلیمیه التی قد حظیت باستقبال کبیر فی هذا المجال، وکانت ولا تزال تقوم بدور هام للغایه فی قضیه التعلیم عامه، وتعلیم اللغه خاصه. یهدف البحث إلى تأثیر نظریه الذکاءات المتعدده والذکاء اللغوی أنموذجاً علی تعلیم اللغه العربیه وکیفیه تطبیق هذا الذکاء علی تعلیم العربیه بصوره تنفیذیه وفعلیه. تکمن أهمیه البحث فی تقدیم الحلول لترقیه تعلیم اللغه العربیه وتنمیته کلغه ثانیه، وفق نظریه علم النفس لغاردنر تحت عنوان الذکاءات المتعدده. یجری البحث فی ضوء المنهج الوصفی التحلیلی والتطبیقی. وتدل النتائج علی أنّه من الممکن تطبیق الذکاء اللغوی المذکور فی نظریه غاردنر علی جمیع مهارات اللغه الأربع، أی الاستماع، والقراءه، والمحادثه والکتابه، وإجرائه فی کل مهاره عبر استخدام التقنیات والحلول الخاصه بنفس المهاره المعنیه.Teaching Arabic Based on Gardner's Theory of "Multiple Intelligences": A Case Study of Linguistic Intelligence
Language has always been very important since the beginning of human life and is still considered one of the most important phenomena of life, especially social life because it is a means of expressing personal thoughts and a communication factor between different people or different societies. It is through language that someone expresses his/her thoughts and learns about other people's thoughts and can build and strengthen his/her communication bridge with the people and the surrounding environment. The science of psychology, as a science that deals with the human mind and psyche, plays an important role in this path of thought transmission, i.e. language. The application of the principles and solutions of psychology in linguistic issues is one of the basic needs that eases this process and improves it. It is through the study of psychology and the practical application of psychological theories that language teaching can be achieved at a higher level and with better results, and it is possible to combine theory and practice in a scientific-practical work, in other words, theoretical-practical work. It can be said that there is a close and inseparable connection between educational psychology and language teaching, and Gardner's theory of "multiple intelligences" is one of the most important educational theories that has been widely accepted in this field and in language teaching. It takes great strides and its use in teaching languages in general and teaching Arabic in particular adds to the successful results of education.In this research, an attempt has been made to provide a brief description of the life of Gardner, the owner of the theory of "multiple intelligences", and then by providing an explanation of the theory itself, its nature is explained to the audience. Then, it presents the function of this theory and how to apply it to the four language skills and the possible solutions so that it becomes feasible to use this theory of linguistics to teach the Arabic language to students of this field across the world. Rather, he made it easier for every learner of Arabic and improved the level and quality of this education. By using the techniques of applying this theory, he used educational shortcuts in this way and made the educational materials of this language as much as pleasurable. For this purpose, the current research is divided into the following parts: 1) Gardner's life, 2) the theory of "multiple intelligences" and its emergence before Gardner, 3) linguistic/verbal or verbal intelligence, and 4) how to apply linguistic intelligence to Arabic language teaching.In relation to the research method, the current research was conducted using the descriptive-analytical and comparative method based on language and psychology education, which first expressed the theory and intelligence under study. This study explains how to teach the Arabic language based on theory and also provides scientific solutions to implement this type of education. It aims to answer this research question: Is the linguistic intelligence mentioned in Gardner's theory of "multiple intelligences" effective in teaching Arabic? The hypothesis is that linguistic intelligence has a positive effect on the teaching of the Arabic language and brings brilliant results in the four skills in its teaching.The results obtained from the research indicate that Gardner’s psychological theory entitled “Multiple Intelligences” improves teaching the Arabic language and increases its quality. This theory has a positive impact on teaching the Arabic language and produces beneficial results that would never occur without using this theory in the process of teaching the language in general. The aforementioned theory helps students more and more in acquiring the four language skills and memorizing them continuously. This intelligence can be applied to all four language skills. In the field of listening skill, this intelligence can be used in the following ways: watching films, television series or plays, listening to radio productions, games and racing, repeating previous vocabulary words and memorizing new ones, and having the teacher present the readings in the lecture. At the level of reading skills, this application occurs in these ways: vocabulary and terminology, texts, poems and chants, reports, storytelling, or translated local stories. Regarding the speaking skill, the aforementioned intelligence can be applied with these solutions: memorizing new words and repeating previous vocabulary, personal thinking and self-talk in Arabic, forcing the student to speak Arabic, memorizing the dialogue and acting it out in the lecture, memorizing Arabic poems, songs, texts, news, and plays. In the writing skill, it is possible to apply writing words and phrases, creating, correspondence, planning, the Arabic calendar, setting diaries and memories, setting the report and conducting the interview, changing the language of devices, and means of communication.
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