شناسایی و تحلیل پیشران های کلیدی مؤثر بر زیست پذیری شهری (مطالعه موردی: شهر بناب) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
رشد شتابان شهرنشینی در دهه های اخیر، منجر به گسترش بی رویه سکونتگاه های شهری و پیدایش چالش های متعدد شده است. انباشت مسائل مختلف در شهرها، از جمله؛ آلودگی های زیست محیطی، ترافیک سنگین، کمبود فضای سبز، توزیع نامتعادل امکانات و خدمات، فقر، و غیره مفهوم زیست پذیری شهری را بیش از پیش آشکار می کند زیست پذیری، مفهومی کلیدی در توسعه پایدار و ایجاد شهرهای انسان محور است. هدف این تحقیق شناسایی پیشران های کلیدی مؤثر بر زیست پذیری شهری در بناب می باشد، نوع تحقیق کاربردی و روش آن توصیفی- تحلیلی است. برای تحلیل داده ها از نرم افزارهای میک مک و سناریو ویزارد استفاده شده است. نتایج پژوهش نشان می دهد؛ از میان 36 گویه 13 پیشران کلیدی شامل؛ مدیریت بحران در شهر ، تنوع در فرصت های شغلی ، اعتماد به مدیریت شهری ، امنیت در شهر ، میزان آلودگی منابع طبیعی، سرمایه گذاری (اعم از دولتی، مدیریت شهری و بخش خصوصی) ، تأثیرات اقلیمی ، مدیریت کارآمد زیرساخت ها و خدمات عمومی ، کیفیت دسترسی عادلانه به امکانات و خدمات شهری ، امکان انجام فعالیت اجتماعی، میزان تفریح و سرگرمی مردم ، درآمد و اشتغال، کاربری های منعطف و مختلط بیشترین تأثیرگذاری مستقیم و کمترین وابستگی را داشته اند. برای این 13پیشران اقدام به سناریو نگاری شد و تعداد 39 سناریو برای پیشرانها نوشته و در نرم افزار سناریو ویزارد مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت و تعداد 3 سناریوی قوی، 6 سناریوی باورکردنی و 388 سناریوی ضعیف استخراج گردیدIdentification and Analysis of Key Drivers Affecting Urban Livability (Case Study: Bonab city)
IntroductionThe rapid growth of urbanization in recent decades has led to the indiscriminate expansion of urban settlements and the emergence of numerous challenges. Accumulation of various issues in cities, including; Environmental pollution, heavy traffic, lack of green space, unbalanced distribution of facilities and services, poverty, etc. reveal the concept of urban livability more than ever. Livability is a key concept in sustainable development and the creation of human-centered cities. Livability is not only an abstract concept, but also a practical tool for solving real challenges in urban development. Livability refers to an urban system in which the social, physical and mental health of all its residents is taken care of. In fact, high quality livability is said to be desirable urban spaces that reflect cultural richness. A livable city has a full range of attractive and meaningful social and economic spaces and activities. The concept of livable city means suitable for living or inhabitable. Livable cities provide equal access to basic services, housing, public spaces, opportunities for cultural, economic, social and political participation. In third world countries, including Iran, the condition of cities in terms of livability is not very favorable.MethodologyThe type of applied research and its method is descriptive-analytical. The data collection method is documentary and field, in which a researcher-made questionnaire was used. The statistical sample included both urban experts and elites, including university professors, urban planning graduates, municipal experts and the governor of Bonab city. In forecasting projects, a set of techniques and methods are used which are usually complementary to each other and the output of each makes the inputs of the next method specific in order to measure and analyze and Analysis of information from future-research softwares including Mic Mac and Scenario Wizard have been used. Mic Mac software is designed to perform heavy calculations of the cross-effects matrix and to use this software; first the important variables and components in the target area are identified and entered in a matrix such as the effects analysis matrix, and then the degree of relevance of these Variables are determined by the target area. The variables in the rows affect the variables in the columns; In this way, row variables are influential and column variables are influential. By analyzing the mix and match and identifying the key factors, it is possible to check the relationships between the variables and prepare the future scenario. But the basis of the work of the scenario wizard software is based on cross-effect matrices. This matrix is used to extract the opinion of experts about the effect of the probability of occurrence of one state of one descriptor on another state of descriptor in the form of verbal expressionsResults and discussionIn this research, the main purpose of which is to identify and analyze the key drivers of livability in Bonab city; In the first stage, the number of 36 effective drivers based on the findings of library studies in 8 dimensions (socio-cultural, economic, physical, environmental, diversity dimension, urban governance and management, historical pattern, urban activity) as effective drivers on life Bonab's urban adaptability was identified and given to specialists, which included 20 elites and urban experts of Bonab. Then, the method of mutual effects analysis with structural analysis was used by Mic Mac software to extract the main influencing factors. By placing these factors in a 36 x 36 matrix, the effect of each of these factors on each other was determined by weighting the factors from 0 to 3. And the most effective drivers in the livability of Bonab city were extracted. After analyzing the findings, it was concluded that the most important drivers affecting the livability of Bonab city are crisis management in the city, diversity in job opportunities, trust in the city management, security in the city, the level of pollution of natural resources, investment (both government, urban management and the private sector), climate effects, efficient management of infrastructure and public services, the quality of fair access to urban facilities and infrastructure, the possibility of social activity, the amount of people's recreation and entertainment, income and employment, mixed and mixed usesConclusionThe result of the analysis shows that; Among the 78 scenario situations, 30 cases have been defined in the optimal situation. 15 cases are in a state of continuation of the existing or static process and the remaining 33 are in a critical state. According to the results obtained in the field of drivers of Bonab city's livability, creating suitable conditions for attracting investment, removing obstacles and administrative bureaucracy, creating specialized organizations and entrepreneurship, investing in skill training and entrepreneurship, developing entrepreneurship and innovation infrastructure, strengthening industries, especially Conversion industries, regeneration of worn-out urban tissues and improving the performance of urban sidewalks can play a significant role in improving the livability of this urban sector.
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