Nabaa Ahmed Noori

Background: Telecommunications has been rapidly moving from legacy systems to highly flexible modern architectures to accommodate the expanding demand on its services. This evolution is critical in providing the capacity needed for new technologies like 5G, IoT, and applications powered by AI. Objective: The study aims at establishing a literature review on the evolution from the more or less obsolete telecommunication structures to new generation digital structures, opportunity factors, technologies that facilitate this change as well as the value addition by this evolution. Methods: The literature review was followed by an examination of industry case studies of 50 telecommunications firms across the globe. The study looked at best practices including network resource utilization, operational price, and service delivery effectiveness, pre and post implementation of technologies like software-defined networking (SDN), network function virtualization (NFV), and cloud-native architectural strategies. Results: The analyses brought out the fact that with the new architectures, network scale up capabilities were enhanced by 70%, operation costs were brought down by up to 30% and service delivery rates were boosted by 40%. Nonetheless, 85% of the firms that implemented the software upgrade faced issues with system integration, which took fifteen months on average before the new system was fully incorporated, and the firms incurred an additional 20% in implementation costs in accommodating integration issues. Conclusion: Extension of telecommunication architectures towards digital landscape improves performance, capacity, and affordability thereby allowing the providers to address next generation applications. However, while making this transition, there are a number of risks that organizations have to face and it is very important to manage them in order to have maximum benefits from using new digital technologies.

Background: The telecommunications’ growth, especially with the emergence of 5G, has led to the requirement of low latency solutions. Current cloud computing models possess architectural flaws that prevent real-time service delivery, critical in applications of autonomous vehicles, augmented reality among others. Objective: This article reviews how edge computing can be combined with 5G networks to overcome the latency issues in today’s telecommunication systems. They look at how this combination can cut down latency by processing data closer to the end consumer and its potential to disrupt several industries. Methods: This research uses the literature review of current information in 5G and edge computing systems, architectures, practices, and theoretical frameworks. The result of the work is based on the assessment of the existing solutions in the implementation of edge computing within the 5G environment based on case analysis. Results: The analysis shows that all the applications such as self-driving cars and industrial robotics experienced 40 to 70% reduced latency. Also, edge computing results in better resources management in case of telecommunications since it deems many computing tasks to localized edge nodes from cloud. Conclusion: Combining edge computing with networking also provides a distinctive model for addressing latency problems while enhancing the network and boosting industry development. Concerning the research limitations, the future research should explore ways of improving the efficiency of resource allocation to meet the company’s needs and explore the scalability issues.