مدل یابی نگرش خوردن براساس کمال گرایی و نارضایتی از بدن با نقش واسطه ای اضطراب در دانشجویان (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
مقدمه: ورود به دانشگاه یک مرحله رشدی حیاتی است که می تواند دانشجویان را نسبت به نگرش های خوردن آشفته و اختلالات خوردن آسیب پذیر کند. ازاین رو، هدف این مطالعه بررسی رابطه کمال گرایی و نارضایتی از بدن با نگرش خوردن با نقش واسطه ای اضطراب در دانشجویان بود. روش: پژوهش حاضر از نوع همبستگی و تحلیل مسیر بود. جامعه آماری این پژوهش شامل دانشجویان ۱۹ تا ۲۴ سال مقطع کارشناسی دانشگاه خوارزمی بود که در نیمسال اول سال تحصیلی ۱۴۰۲ مشغول به تحصیل بودند که از این بین، ۴۷۸ نفر با روش تصادفی از نوع خوشه ای یک مرحله ای انتخاب شدند. پرسشنامه های نگرش خوردن (EAT-26)، اضطراب بک (BAI)، شکل بدن (BSQ) و مقیاس کمال گرایی (FMPS) مورداستفاده قرار گرفت. داده ها با نرم افزارهای SPSS-26 و Amos-24 تحلیل شد. یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد که اثر کمال گرایی (01/0> p و ۴۶/۰=β)، نارضایتی از بدن (01/0> p و ۳۶/۰=β) و اضطراب (01/0< p و ۱۳/۰=β) بر نگرش خوردن، مثبت و معنی دار است. علاوه برآن، کمال گرایی (01/0> p و ۳۳/۰=β) و نارضایتی از بدن (01/0> p و ۳۸/۰=β) بر اضطراب و همچنین کمال گرایی (۰۱/۰> p و ۲۱/۰=β) بر نارضایتی از بدن، اثر مثبت و معنی دار دارند. نتیجه گیری: اضطراب در رابطه کمال گرایی و نارضایتی از بدن با نگرش خوردن در دانشجویان، نقش واسطه ای ایفا می کند. آگاهی از این نتایج در تدوین راهبردهای پیشگیرانه و مداخلات درمانی مناسب اهمیت زیادی دارد.Modeling of Eating Attitudes based on Perfectionism and Body Dissatisfaction with the Mediating Role of Anxiety in College Students
Objective: Entering college is a critical developmental stage that can make students vulnerable to disordered eating attitudes and eating disorders. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between perfectionism and body dissatisfaction in relation to eating attitudes, with the mediating role of anxiety among college students. Method: The current research utilized a correlational design with path analysis. The statistical population of this study consisted of 19-24-year-old undergraduate students at Kharazmi University, Tehran, who were enrolled in the first semester of the academic year, which fell in 2023. From this population, 478 students were selected using a random one-stage cluster sampling method. Ethical principles such as the informed consent of the participants and maintaining the confidentiality of the data were taken into consideration. In order to collect data, the 26-item version of Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), and Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS) were used. Data analysis was carried out with SPSS-26 and Amos-24 software. Results: The results of this study showed that the effects of perfectionism (β = 0.46, p < 0.01), body dissatisfaction (β = 0.36, p < 0.01), and anxiety (β = 0.13, p < 0.01) on eating attitudes were positive and significant. Additionally, perfectionism (β = 0.33, p < 0.01) and body dissatisfaction (β = 0.38, p < 0.01) had positive and significant effects on anxiety, and perfectionism (β = 0.21, p < 0.01) had a positive and significant effect on body dissatisfaction. The indirect effects of perfectionism and body dissatisfaction on eating attitudes through anxiety were also positive and significant. Moreover, perfectionism had a positive and significant indirect effect on anxiety through body dissatisfaction. Thus,these findings clearly indicate the mediating role of anxiety in the relationship between perfectionism and body dissatisfaction with eating attitudes, as well as the mediating role of body dissatisfaction in the relationship between perfectionism and anxiety. The measured model demonstrated a good fit (x2/df = 2.43, CFI = 0.97, RMSEA = 0.04, NFI = 0.98, IFI = 0.98, GFI = 0.96). These results indicate an acceptable fit of the measured model and the overall goodness of fit indices. Conclusion: Generally, The study's findings indicated that perfectionism, by influencing body dissatisfaction, leads to elevated levels of anxiety, which subsequently affects individuals' eating attitudes. In essence, various dimensions of perfectionism impose strict standards on individuals, thereby impacting their body dissatisfaction and anxiety levels. Furthermore, body dissatisfaction exacerbates anxiety, further influencing eating attitudes. Overall, the study highlights the intricate interplay between perfectionism, body dissatisfaction, and anxiety, and their combined impact on eating attitudes. Recognizing these interconnected factors can enhance our comprehension of eating attitudes and contribute to more effective clinical interventions. Educational programs aimed at raising awareness and improving perfectionism, body image, and eating attitudes among college students are recommended. Considering the strong correlation between anxiety and eating attitudes, training in emotional awareness and anxiety management could serve as effective preventive measures, enhancing overall well-being and therapeutic outcomes. Understanding these elements is vital for developing comprehensive preventive strategies and therapeutic approaches.
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