مطالعه رابطه میان نوموفوبیا و هویت اجتماعی در میان جوانان شهر تهران (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
پژوهش پیش رو باهدف بررسی رابطه میان نوموفوبیا و هویت اجتماعی در میان جوانان شهر تهران طراحی و اجرا شده است. این پژوهش توصیفی و روش آن همبستگی است. تکنیک آن؛ پیمایش و ابزار اندازه گیری پرسشنامه است. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل کلیه جوانان 20 تا 35 ساله شهر تهران است که بر اساس اطلاعات مندرج در درگاه ملّی آمار، ۳٬۲۷۸٬۹۲۹ نفر هستند. ابزار اندازه گیری شامل دو پرسشنامه؛ 1. سنجش نوموفوبیا؛ که توسط چاغلار یلدریم (2014) ساخته شده و 2. پرسشنامه هویت اجتماعی که در دو بُعد فردی و جمعی و برگرفته از نظریات ریچارد جنکینز (2008) توسط صفاری نیا و روشن (1390) طراحی شده است. پرسشنامه ها از طریق گوگل فرم در میان جوانان شهر تهران توزیع و تکمیل شد. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه و تحلیل یافته های پژوهش نشان داد که وضعیت کلی هویت اجتماعی جوانان مورد مطالعه، با میانگین 65/3 در حد بالاتر از متوسط (4 از مقیاس 5) اظهار شده و وضعیت کلی نوموفوبیا در میان جوانان موردمطالعه، با میانگین 93/2 کمتر از حد معمولی (3 از مقیاس 5) ابراز شده است. میان مؤلفه «عدم توانایی برقراری ارتباط» از نوموفوبیا با بعد جمعی از هویت اجتماعی رابطه منفی، قوی و معنی دار وجود داشته ولی با بعد فردی از هویت اجتماعی رابطه معنی داری در سطح اطمینان 95 درصد دیده نشد. میان مؤلفه «از دست دادن ارتباط» از نوموفوبیا با بُعد فردی، بُعد جمعی و وضعیت کلی هویت اجتماعی رابطه منفی وجود دارد. همچنین میان مؤلفه «عدم دسترسی به اطلاعات» از نوموفوبیا با بُعد فردی، بُعد جمعی و وضعیت کلی هویت اجتماعی رابطه منفی و قوی وجود داشته و هر اندازه عدم دسترسی به اطلاعات در نوموفوبیا قوی تر باشد، هویت اجتماعی در میان جوانان مورد مطالعه ضعیف تر است. نتایج همچنین مؤید آن است که میان مؤلفه «از دست دادن راحتی و آسایش» از نوموفوبیا با بُعد فردی، بُعد جمعی و وضعیت کلی هویت اجتماعی رابطه منفی مشاهده شده است، بدین معنا که هر اندازه نوموفوبیا (در مؤلفه ترس از دست دادن راحتی و آسایش هنگام دوری از تلفن همراه) بیشتر باشد، هویت اجتماعی جوانان مورد مطالعه در هر دو بُعد فردی و جمعی، ضعیف تر یا پایین تر است. درمجموع، میان وضعیت کلی نوموفوبیا با بُعد فردی، بُعد جمعی و وضعیت کلی هویت اجتماعی رابطه منفی و قوی وجود داشته و با افزایش نوموفوبیا از میزان هویت اجتماعی جوانان شهر تهران کاسته می شود.Investigating The Relationship Between Mobile Phone Phobia And Social Identity Among Young People In Tehran
Introduction: Mobile phone is one of the most popular new technologies that has gained a special place among its users due to its ease of communication processes, ease of access, possibility of permanent access, penetration into most areas of life, etc.Although this communication device has many functions, excessive use of mobile phones leads to the appearance of serious and important mental and behavioral disorders in users, among which nomophobia can be mentioned. The present study was designed and implemented with the aim of studying and analyzing the relationship between nomophobia and social identity among the youth of Tehran.Method:This research is descriptive and its method is correlation. present research technique; The survey and measurement tools include two questionnaires; 1. Measurement of nomophobia; which was created by Çağlar Yıldırım (2014) and 2. The social identity questionnaire, which is based on the ideas of Richard Jenkins (2008), was designed by Safarinia and Roshan (2013) in two dimensions, individual and collective. Nomophobia questionnaire includes 20 items and four components; 1. Inability to communicate, 2. Fear of losing connection, 3. Fear of not having access to information, and 4. Fear of giving up comfort. The social identity questionnaire has 20 items, 10 of which are designed to measure the individual dimension and the other 10 items are designed to measure the collective dimension of social identity, and the items are scored on a five-point Likert scale from completely agree to completely disagree. The statistical population of the research includes all young people aged 20 to 35 in Tehran, who are 3,278,929 people according to the information provided in the National Statistics Portal. Questionnaires were distributed and completed among the youth of Tehran through google form.Findings: The results of the analysis of the research findings showed that the general state of the social identity of the studied youth, with an average of 3.65, was stated to be above average (4 out of 5 scale) and the general state of nomophobia among the studied youth, with an average of 93 2/2 is expressed less than normal (3 out of 5 scale). The results showed that there is a negative relationship between the "loss of communication" component of nomophobia with the individual dimension, the collective dimension and the general state of social identity. Also, there is a negative and strong relationship between the "lack of access to information" component of nomophobia with the individual dimension, the collective dimension, and the general state of social identity, and the stronger the lack of access to information in nomophobia, the weaker the social identity among the studied youth. The results also confirm that a negative relationship has been observed between the "loss of comfort and comfort" component of nomophobia with the individual dimension, the collective dimension and the general state of social identity, meaning that any size of nomophobia (in the component of fear of loss of comfort and comfort when away from the mobile phone), the social identity of the studied youth is weaker or lower in both individual and collective dimensions. In general, there is a negative and strong relationship between the general state of nomophobia with the individual dimension, the collective dimension and the general state of social identity, and with the increase of nomophobia, the level of social identity of the youth of Tehran decreases.Results: As a result, it is necessary to use the cultural, native and local capacities as well as media literacy training in order to reduce the harms caused by nomophobia, by training and creating culture in the field of proper and optimal use of mobile phones, to provide the possibility of using its benefits and by strengthening Self-awareness, responsibility, strengthening self-esteem and sense of self-efficacy among young people to strengthen social identity (in both individual and collective dimensions). Considering that the results showed that the lack of mobile phone phobia of the studied youth in the city of Tehran is at an average level and there is a great tendency to use mobile phones as well as virtual networks based on mobile phones among young people, it should be kept in mind that in In the era of globalization, where the growth and expansion of new communication and information technologies has covered almost all parts of the world, it is impossible to face exclusion or censorship with mobile phones or virtual social networks based on it. Because this type of approach is not only ineffective, but also gives the opposite result. Therefore, by accepting the desire and tendency of young people to use it more and more, it is necessary to inform young people about the effects of its extreme and harmful abuse, and by improving the level of their information literacy and technological literacy, it is necessary to help young people in the amount and type of mobile phone use. In other words, the suggested strategy in this field is to create a culture for the correct use of mobile phones. The results of the present study showed that there is a strong negative relationship between the general state of immobility phobia with the individual and collective dimensions and the general state of social identity.Therefore, it is suggested to train young people in the field of reducing the harmful use of mobile phones, which leads to excessive use and in Finally, it becomes a fear of not having a mobile phone, let's help. Therefore, the basic strategy in this field can be to strengthen self-awareness, responsibility, self-esteem and sense of self-efficacy among young people, which we can do through strengthening social identity (both in the individual and social dimensions), by using cultural, native and local as well as media literacy training in order to reduce the damage of mobile phones for the social identity of the youth, to strengthen the individual and social identity.Key words: mobile phone phobia, social identity, youth, Tehran city
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