Indian Ocean

In recent years, the international system has witnessed the dynamics ofcompetition between great powers over regional key Regions. In this context, theIndian Ocean appears as a strategic and vital region for the powers inside andoutside it, and any development in it affects the security of the region. Consideringthe need to establish security in the current situation where increasing competitionprevails in the Indian Ocean, analyzing and investigating the economicdevelopments of these countries is of great importance. The purpose of thisresearch, which has been carried out by using the descriptive-analytical methodand library sources, is to describe the concept of the Blue Economy and evaluateit in the countries of the Persian Gulf Cooperation Council: Bahrain, Kuwait ,Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates. It also explains thechallenges and opportunities they face in the Indian Ocean. The results of the studyof the water economy of the Persian Gulf Cooperation Council countries indicatethe relative difference in the level of these countries to each other, so if thesecountries seek to achieve development and maximum use of resources andopportunities which the Indian Ocean has provided for them, they also have theintention of overcoming the challenges governing this ocean, and they should putspecial emphasis on the actions that lead to convergence

Letter to the Editor

Piracy or the use of violence by various types of ships or vessels to take the property of the passengers of other ships or vessels has been one of the important maritime threats from the past until today. During the Middle Ages until the 19 th century, due to the flourishing sea trade, in the Indian Ocean, this phenomenon was widespread, but few scattered reports of it have remained. This research aims to explain the geographical and cultural relationship between the history and modern forms of piracy in the Indian Ocean, to provide a constructive analysis of the roots of piracy nowadays. Based on this, in this research, with a library method and a descriptive-analytical method, and by referring to the most important historical sources and research, scattered reports of piracy during the first to thirteenth centuries AH were analyzed. At the same time, by using analytical studies in cultural criminology, an attempt has been made to analyze this phenomenon from the perspective of deterministic theories and subcultures. Thus, it has been shown that the geography and aspects of the piracy culture in the Indian Ocean are consistent with this phenomenon today. It has also been shown that the inclusive Iranian governments have played the most effective role in fighting this phenomenon; it has been suggested that in today's approach to the phenomenon of piracy, the cultural view of the social and political roots of this phenomenon should be considered. In dealing with it, the fundamental methods of the cultural solution should be used in confrontation with the phenomenon, together with legal and military actions. It has also been suggested that the Iranian government should play a trans-regional cultural effort to revive its historical role in controlling this phenomenon.          

In recent decades, the Islamic Republic of Iran has been struggling with piracy security threats and has suffered a lot. The piracy crisis and the presence of pirates in international waters have become one of the main crises facing the Iranian economy. Considering Iran's determination to develop its maritime transit and obtaining a larger share of the transit of free waters, attention has been paid to the issue of maritime security and the investigation of the phenomenon of piracy and ways of coping with it. Iran, like other members of the international community and following the resolutions of the Security Council, considers the threat of piracy, especially Somali pirates, to be a threat to itself, and through the navy of the Islamic Republic of Iran's military, a combination of legal, political-military measures in the form of Defense diplomacy has taken to deal with it. This article seeks to answer the question of what role the Iran Navy has played in countering the threat of piracy security within the framework of the Indian Ocean Naval Symposium (IONS) and in accordance with international law. The findings of this paper indicate that Iran Navy has been in charge of maritime security in the last decade to deal with this security threat and has been able to reliably restrain these threats by legal, political, military mechanisms. And it has a relatively successful performance. The purpose of this paper is to provide a summary of the background and conceptual evolution of piracy and to discover its various forms throughout human history and the legal and international status of the fight against piracy and the actions taken by the Iran Navy in the context of IONS to ensure maritime safety.