AI competencies

The study aimed to identify the Requirements for Developing Leaders’ AI Competencies. This systematic literature review, spanning from January 2017 to March 2025, analyzes 26 articles retrieved from Google Scholar, Sage, Emerald, Springer, ScienceDirect, and PubMed. Building from the systematic review, the findings were synthesized and integrated to derive a clear and parsimonious AI competency requirements framework for leaders. To this end, the PRISMA framework was applied to establish a high-quality and transparent process. Naeem et al.'s (2023) thematic analysis framework was employed to analyze and interpret the findings from the included studies. The reliability of the final results was assessed using Cohen's Kappa method. This coefficient was found to be 0.73, indicating a high level of agreement between the coders. The findings elucidate the essential requirements for cultivating artificial intelligence competencies among leaders through three primary dimensions: organizational, technological, and individual requirements. This research contributes to the existing literature by identifying and categorizing the effective requirements for developing leaders’ AI competencies in the era of AI.