Emotional Divorce

Abstract purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of therapeutic reality on decreasing Emotional Disorders of Emotional Divorce Women. Method: The research method was semi-experimental with pretest-posttest design, control and follow-up group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all women referring to counseling centers of Tehran in 1395 in 150 people who were emotionally divorced according to Gateman's 1998 emotional divorce questionnaire and 30 of them were randomly selected and replaced with random assignment and age matching in two groups (experimental and control group). Both groups responded to a difficult questionnaire as posttest for excitement regulation by Graz and Roemer (2004) after answering both groups a difficult questionnaire as posttest for excitement regulation by Graz and Roemer as a Pre-test and 8 Session selection Teaching Theory for the experimental group. The research was analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance. Results: The use of bonferroni post hoc test showed that the implementation of the independent variable led to a decrease in the mean of emotional non-ordering components including: Emotional responses rejection (p<0.05, SE-1.569, ∆x̄ - 4.380), difficulty in conducting purposeful behavior (p <0.01, SE = 9.68, ∆x̄ = 7.281) difficulty in impulse control (p<0.01, SE = 0.814, ∆x̄ =8.900 ) lack of emotional awareness(p<0.01, SE = 1.140, ∆x̄ =12.347 ) limited access to emotion regulation strategies(p<0.01, SE = 1.140, ∆x̄ =12.347 ) the lack of clarity of emotion in the experimental group compared to the control group(p<0.01, SE = 0.691, ∆x̄ =2.904 ).

Purpose : Most couples have communication problems in their married life, the existence of chaotic relationships has destructive effects on formation of emotional divorce among couples: purpose of this study was to present a model of emotional divorce based on differentiation with mediating role of attachment styles and experience of we-ness. Methodology : the research method was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population included all parents of students referring to counseling and guidance centers of association of parents and educators of Tehran in 2020 that their number was1836 people.the statistical sample size was considered based on Sample Power statistical software (350 people),and sampling method was multi-stage random.research tools included, Guttman (2008) Emotional Divorce Scale, Skorn and Friedlander (1989) Differentiation inventory, Collins and Reed(1990)Attachment Styles Scale, Vedes, Nussbeck,Bodenman (2013) Experience of We-ness Questionnaire,in this study, data analysis was performed using SPSS software and Smartpls Structural Equations. Findings : the results showed,presenting the model of emotional divorce based on differentiation with mediating role of attachment styles and experience of we-ness, accordance with the theoretical model and has a good fit,also,the study of direct path showed that there is asignificant negative relationship between the components of differentiation, attachment styles and experience of we-ness with emotional divorce and the results of the indirect path also showed that differentiation has a significant negative relationship with mediating role of attachment styles and experience of we-ness with emotional divorce and intensity of desired effect. Conclusion : Inordertocreate cohesion and create asatisfying marital relationship based on recognizing the emotions of each couple and modifying the attachment style and type of differentiation of couples,we can confront the psychological elements to improve the relationship between couples during medical considerations

Family is the oldest and most universal social unit in terms of its history and breadth. Appropriate relationships within society are formed based on appropriate relationships within the family, thereby leading to greater societal stability. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between sexual satisfaction and emotional divorce among Iranian couples. This study was descriptive-correlational in nature. The statistical population consisted of all couples applying for divorce who referred to family counseling centers supervised by the Welfare Organization in Tehran during the second half of 2020. Using the convenience sampling method, 240 individuals were selected as the sample. The Golombok Rust inventory of sexual satisfaction (GRISS) and the emotional divorce scale were used for data collection. The results indicate a significant and meaningful positive relationship between sexual satisfaction and emotional divorce. Regression analysis also showed that sexual satisfaction can predict 0.3 of the variance in emotional divorce. The results of this study emphasize the role of sexual satisfaction in emotional divorce.

In the field of counseling and family psychology, various approaches have been created with the aim of reducing conflicts and communication disturbances between couples. The purpose of the present study was the effectiveness of McMaster's systemic couple therapy on self-differentiation and marital boredom and intimacy of couples with emotional divorce. In terms of the purpose, the present research is part of applied research, and in terms of method, it is a semi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. The research population consisted of all the couples who referred to counseling centers in Shiraz in 2021-22, from which 24 couples with emotional divorce were selected as a sample. The tools of the current research included self-differentiation questionnaire, marital boredom, and couples' intimacy. McMaster's systemic couple therapy intervention was performed during 10 sessions of 1.5 hours; But the control group did not receive any intervention. The research data was analyzed by multi-way covariance analysis. The findings showed that McMaster's family therapy is effective on self-differentiation, marital boredom and intimacy of couples with emotional divorce (P<0.05). It can be concluded that McMaster's couple therapy is effective on self-differentiation and marital boredom and intimacy of couples with emotional divorce.

The current study aimed to predict emotional divorce in women by dyadic perfectionism and resiliency. The target population for the research consisted of all women living in Tehran in 2021. A descriptive correlational design was employed, and a sample size of 360 was selected using the available sampling method. Participants were asked to complete three questionnaires: the Gottman Emotional Divorce Questionnaire (1994), the Shea and Slaney Perfectionism Questionnaire (1999), and the Connor and Davidson Resiliency Questionnaire (2003). The multivariate regression analysis revealed a positive correlation between emotional divorce and perfectionism and a negative correlation between emotional divorce and resiliency (p<0.05). As such, the study concluded that both perfectionism and resiliency can significantly predict emotional divorce in women. Moreover, the findings underscored the importance of resiliency in moderating the positive relationship between emotional divorce and abnormal perfectionism. Moreover, the findings underscored the importance of resiliency in moderating the positive relationship between emotional divorce and abnormal perfectionism.

 Objective: This study aimed to predict emotional divorce among married female teachers in Darab City by analyzing family communication patterns and examining the mediation effect of marital burnout.Methods: Descriptive and correlational analyses were used. All married female instructors employed at the Darab primary schools during the academic year 2023-2024 were the study's population. The census technique was employed to estimate the sample, estimating the population of 176 individuals. The Revised Family Communication Patterns Scale (RFCP),  Couple Burnout Measure (CBM), and Gottmanns Emotional Divorce Scale (GEDS) were used to collect data. The data were analyzed using structural equations (SEM) and Pearson's correlation test, and the findings were examined using Lisrel 9 and SPSS25 statistical software.Results: Marital boredom had a direct and significant association with emotional divorce, and it had an inverse and significant relationship with communication orientation and compliance orientation. There was a direct and significant correlation between emotional divorce and conformity orientation, and an inverse and significant correlation between emotional divorce and communication orientation. Marital boredom also acted as a mediator in the interaction between emotional divorce and family communication styles (p<0.05).Conclusion: Thus, it can be anticipated that as the family's conformance orientation increases, the rate of marital discontent will rise as well, and that as this variable rises, so too will the emotional divorce rate.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between early maladaptive schemas (EMS), alexithymia, and emotional divorce among married female students, focusing on their predictive roles in marital detachment. Methods: A correlational design was employed with 240 married female students recruited via convenience sampling from Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon Branch (2023–2024 academic year). Participants completed validated self-report measures: the Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form (YSQ-SF; Young, 1995) assessing EMS across five domains (e.g., Impaired Limits, Other-Directedness), the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20; Bagby et al., 1994) measuring alexithymia subscales (Difficulty Identifying Feelings, Difficulty Describing Feelings, Externally Oriented Thinking), and the Gottman Emotional Divorce Questionnaire (GEDQ; Gottman, 1997). Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation and stepwise regression via SPSS-26, with significance set at *p* < .01. Findings: Significant correlations emerged between EMS domains, alexithymia, and emotional divorce (*r* = 0.18–0.53, *p* < .01). Stepwise regression revealed Impaired Limits as the strongest predictor (β = 0.39, *p* < .01), explaining 15% of variance, followed by incremental contributions from Difficulty Identifying Feelings (ΔR² = 3%, β = 0.23), Other-Directedness (ΔR² = 1%, β = 0.13), Externally Oriented Thinking (ΔR² = 2%, β = 0.18), and Impaired Autonomy (ΔR² = 2%, β = -0.22), cumulatively accounting for 23% of variance (F = 15.16, *p* < .01). Negative β for Impaired Autonomy suggested suppression effects. Conclusion: EMS and alexithymia significantly predict emotional divorce, with Impaired Limits and emotion-regulation deficits being central drivers. Findings underscore the need for schema-focused interventions (e.g., schema therapy) and emotion-regulation training in marital counseling to mitigate detachment. Future research should explore dyadic interactions and cultural moderators to refine predictive models.

Objective: This study aims to explore the sociological factors, contextual conditions, structural factors, and social pressures contributing to emotional divorce in Tehran. Method: The study employs a qualitative approach using a sequential exploratory design and grounded theory strategy. A purposive sample of 21 individuals, aged 25-40, with at least a bachelor's degree in psychology, sociology, or related fields, participated in semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed using open coding and axial coding processes to identify key structures and indices related to emotional divorce. The participants included university lecturers, teachers, housewives, and private sector employees, ensuring a diverse representation of educated individuals with relevant expertise. Findings: The results indicate that attitudes and values, social and cultural pressure, and social changes are significant causal factors in the occurrence of emotional divorce. Key phenomena identified include changes in emotional relationships, lack of emotional behavior towards the spouse, emotional void, and compulsory living. Contextual conditions such as changes in culture, values, economic conditions, and types of social interactions were influential. Structural factors identified include policies and laws, and social roles. Social pressures, including peer pressure, family opinions, and media influence, were crucial intervening factors. An educational approach was identified as an effective strategy for preventing and managing emotional divorce. Conclusion: Emotional divorce, while not always visible, significantly impacts individuals and society. Understanding its sociological aspects and underlying causes is essential for developing effective prevention and management strategies. Educational programs aimed at improving emotional relationships, communication skills, and stress management can mitigate the negative impacts. Policymakers can use these insights to formulate supportive policies and laws. Further research is needed to generalize findings and explore the impact of emotional divorce on children and other regions.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between psychological abnormalities and emotional interactions with emotional divorce, with the mediating role of religious beliefs in couples experiencing marital conflicts. Methods: The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this study included all couples visiting counseling centers in the city of Neka (Neda-e-Zendegi Counseling Center, Phoenix Counseling Center, Amin Counseling Center, Imam Ali Social Work Counseling Center, and Mental Health Counseling Center) during the first six months of 2022, totaling 686 individuals (343 couples). Using the Krejcie and Morgan table, the sample size was calculated to be 246 individuals, and through a convenience sampling method, those who were interested in participating in the study were selected as the sample. They responded to questionnaires on psychological abnormalities by Najarian and Davoodi (2001), emotional interactions of couples by Brok and Bretman (1995), emotional divorce by Gottman (1995), and religious beliefs by Najafi (2006). Data analysis was performed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Pearson correlation test, and structural equation modeling with SPSS and AMOS software. Findings: The findings showed that psychological abnormalities had a positive effect on emotional divorce and a negative effect on religious beliefs. Additionally, emotional interactions had a negative effect on emotional divorce and a positive effect on religious beliefs. Furthermore, religious beliefs had a negative effect on emotional divorce in couples. On the other hand, the results indicated that religious beliefs played a mediating role in the relationship between psychological abnormalities, emotional interactions, and emotional divorce in couples. Conclusion: This study highlights the indirect effect of psychological disorders and emotional interactions on emotional divorce, with religious beliefs playing a mediating role among couples experiencing marital conflicts. The findings suggest that strengthening religious beliefs may help reduce emotional divorce, emphasizing the need for interventions that promote emotional well-being and healthy marital dynamics.