Axis of Resistance

One of the requirements for the formation of stability in regions and sub-regions is the creation of regional security complexes. The necessity of creation these regional security complexes is the existence of security orders which are outcomes of regional actors’ agreements to control internal crisis and challenges and to manage the level of external interventions in regional affairs. Due to its geopolitical, geo-strategic and geo-economic importance, especially in the oil field, the West Asian region has a great impact on the international security of the oil market, and the formation of an endogenous regional security complex can provide the necessary basis for oil security. The strengthening and expansion of the Axis of Resistance strategy under Islamic Republic of Iran leadership in formation a regional security complex could ensure oil security, as much as possible. This article studies the central impact of the Axis of Resistance strategies, especially the Islamic Republic of Iran in ensuring oil security through the formation of regional security complex. Countering unilateralism in oil market management, countering US-managed chaos to gain new customers in the oil market, and countering oil conversion as a financial source for international terrorism are some of the strategies of the Axis of Resistance and the Islamic Republic of Iran in this regard.  

To acknowledge the majority of strategic experts, “Hassan Nasrallah”; Secretary General of Hezbollah in Lebanon, Is an expert in psychological warfare that under certain conditions, easily changes equations of regional conflicts in favor of the resistance axis. This view from here derived that campaign politics is an arena of deception and dishonesty, it is well known to be truthful to; Extent that even Shimon Peres, the former head of the Zionist regime, described He's the most honest enemy of Israel as terms of consciousness and high-capacity regional and international developments in powers of analysis. Such thoughtfulness and deep political insight of Hassan Nasrallah led to his political forecasts in the field of international developments and in particular the future of the Zionist regime. Hezbollah chooses specific events for describing the confrontation with the Israeli enemy that often expressed these positions by its Secretary-General. Accordingly, this study seeks to examine the views and political thoughts of Sayyad Hassan Nasrallah, Secretary General of Hezbollah in Lebanon.

This study explores the strategic integration of Islamic ideology as a national competitive advantage within the Axis of Resistance economies, defined by their shared ideological commitment to justice, independence, and resistance against imperialism, rather than specific geographical boundaries. A strategic framework is proposed that merges innovative ideas and existing knowledge to describe the competitive environment and future directions. The framework is customer-centric and capable of identifying and predicting potential changes in the competitive landscape over time. By leveraging the principles of justice, independence, and resistance against imperialism, Islamic ideology fosters unity and purpose among the populace, enhancing national competitiveness. The study also examines the historical and theoretical underpinnings of the Axis of Resistance through Immanuel Wallerstein's World-Systems Theory and Paulo Freire's Liberation Theology, highlighting the ideological and geopolitical dimensions. The economic implications are discussed, emphasizing the necessity of forming an economic resistance front to counteract international sanctions and economic warfare. The proposed framework underscores the importance of identifying unique capabilities, integrating ideology into strategy, and enhancing economic resilience. Future research should further explore the intersection of ideology and strategy, particularly in the context of emerging geopolitical and economic challenges, to provide valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners.

Since the Islamic Revolution, Iran's foreign policy has exhibited a strategic duality, making it one of the most complex on the global stage. A cursory review of its policies and decision-making across different administrations reveals a "sinusoidal" and seemingly erratic trajectory—ranging from the pro-Western inclinations of Bazargan's interim government to the revolutionary export-oriented approach of later administrations. However, a deeper analysis of Iran's foreign policy over the past four decades suggests that, despite its oscillations, it has followed a consistent linear trajectory, firmly rooted in the constitutional framework and committed to its role as a champion of liberation movements. In this context, the Islamic Republic of Iran has effectively leveraged a significant portion of its capabilities. Moreover, due to Iran's rich historical and cultural heritage, its neighborliness policy is key in fostering coalitions with neighboring communities and governments. Recognizing its significant and influential role in the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the conceptual and practical dimensions of this influence are apparent in the political behavior of the country, whether intentionally or unintentionally, directly or indirectly. This research employs an analytical-explanatory method and an inductive approach, structuring its analysis within a multidimensional framework that considers historical, cultural, geographical, political, and economic factors. Key variables and concepts examined include coalition-building, the Axis of Resistance, and the neighborliness policy. Ultimately, the study offers solutions to address the obstacles and crises confronting the Islamic Republic of Iran.

The Middle East and North Africa constitute one of the strategic and most significant regions in the world with a turbulent history. The region witnessed the birth of various countries and tense developments from the second decade of the 20th century until the middle of the century, and most of the countries in the region, including Arabic countries and Israel, emerged during the period. In this regard, the countries in the region have experienced conflicts, wars, invasions, and, sometimes, peace, in their relations with Israel. The latest development in this respect is the Saudi-led normalization of ties between some Arabic countries and Israel to oppose Iran and its axis of resistance. Though this has posed a number of threats to Iran’s national security, some opportunities are evident in it, as well. Thus, the main question of the present study is what opportunities the normalization of ties between Saudi Arabia and Israel can have for the empowerment of the axis of resistance. The study utilizes a descriptive and analytical methodology to answer the question, and the overall result of the study – i.e., the tested hypothesis – shows that opportunities like the creation of chasms between the government and society in Saudi Arabia, the pressure felt by Fatah and the need to reconcile with Hamas, Muslims’ reaction to the negation of the Palestinian Dream by Saudis, the creation of chasms between the government and society of Israel, and the gradual withdrawal of the U.S. from the region are all factors that can boost the axis of resistance based on the existence of groups who oppose the process of normalization across Saudi Arabia, Israel, and the Islamic world at large.