Salience

How the investors react to the received information plays a crucial role in determining the return of stock exchange market. Supply and demand based upon incorrect decisions lead to the price deviation of inherent values. This paper aims to study the impact of salience phenomenon on disproportionate pricing and investor overreaction in the corporates in Tehran stock exchange. Research methodology is correlative. Statistical sample involves 120 corporates accepted by Tehran stock exchange during 2012-2016. To test the hypotheses, a regression analysis method has been selected. Research findings have indicated that there exists a promising phenomenon in Tehran stock exchange causing the investors overreaction followed by the disproportionate pricing and also, the results have shown that the impact of salience is different on strong and weak information environments.

Objective: Capture of attention occurs when a goal-irrelevant salient stimulus appears in the field of attention. The COVID-19 pandemic seems to be salient enough to capture a great proportion of one’s attentional resources. The purpose of this study was to explore how novelty of outbreak news affects attention in everyday life. Methods: 162 participants were recruited using an online invitation and divided into two samples (early and late sections). The variables—salience of news, intrusive thoughts, endogenous attention, and knowledge of COVID-19—were compared between the two measurements using one-way MANOVA. Additionally, a correlational analysis was performed in order to reveal a model of relationships between variables. Results: It was found that despite the increase in infected cases, intrusive thoughts and attentional capture were decreased over time. To describe the relationship between salience of news and attentional capture a conceptual model was presented. Conclusion: In addition to the other physical properties of a stimulus, novelty also contributes to stimulus salience. In everyday life, novel situations can trigger intrusive thoughts and attentional capture. Nonetheless, it cannot be sustained after the novelty has worn off. The proposed model can be useful to understand further similar situations.

Museums are crucial cultural and educational institutions that facilitate visitors’ learning by integrating diverse modes of engagement, including linguistic, visual, auditory, and spatial elements. Consequently, coherence of these elements is crucial for effectively presenting information and maximizing its impact on visitors. Utilizing Kress and van Leeuwen’s (2020) principles of composition, specifically focusing on information value and salience, this study sought to assess text-image interaction in the images at the Omidvar Brothers Museum and their corresponding Persian labels, as well as to compare the interaction in the Persian labels with that in the English labels. The analysis revealed that the criterion “information value: left vs. right” received minimal attention, while the “information value: center vs. margins” criterion was the most consistently met in both Persian and English descriptions. However, the overall accuracy of multimodal interaction between the images and labels decreased by 7.40% in the English labels compared to the Persian labels, indicating a decline in translator performance relative to the original authors. This reduction in verbal-visual coherence suggests a less engaging experience for English-speaking foreign visitors compared to Iranian audiences. These results emphasize the necessity of addressing multimodality within museum contexts, as such focus can significantly enhance visitor experiences and deepen their understanding of museum exhibits.