تصحیح و بازیابی چند بیت بر اساس دستنویس رسائل العشّاق و وسائل المشتاق (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
دستنویس رسائل العشّاق و وسائل المشتاق اثر سیفی نیشابوری و از متون نثر فارسی قرن ششم ه .ق است که در یکصد نامه عاشقانه تألیف شده است. حضور شعر در جای جای این کتاب چشمگیر است و مؤلف به طور میانگین، در هر نامه پانزده بیت از شاعران هم دوره یا سَلَف خود نقل کرده است. این نسخه در 685 ه .ق کتابت شده و نظر به شمار بسیار اشعار مندرج در آن و کهن بودن، در مطالعات شعرشناسی، زبان شناسی، مأخذیابی و تصحیح اشعار، و صحت انتساب اشعار به گویندگان بسیار ارزشمند است. ضمن مأخذیابی تمامی اشعار رسائل العشّاق، ابیات مشترکی از آن در دیگر نسخ و متون نظم یافت شد که به دلیل اصیل نبودن و یا آسیب دیدگی نسخ آن ها، ضبط نادرستی داشتند یا ناقص رها شده بودند. این ابیات به کمک دستنویس رسائل العشّاق تصحیح یا بازیابی شدند. در تحقیق حاضر 11 رباعی و 3 بیت از متون مهمی چون نزههالمجالس، دیوان انوری، دیوان معزّی نیشابوری، دیوان سنایی، دیوان ازرقی، دیوان کمال الدّین اسماعیل، دیوان رضی الدّین نیشابوری، مجموعه رباعیات کهن (دستنویس دانشگاه استانبول)، و دستنویس جُنگ سید الهی تصحیح یا بازیابی شده اند. ابیات تصحیح شده در مقاله حاضر، باید در تصحیح مجدد یا تحقیق در هر یک از متون مذکور، پیش روی مصححان و محققان قرار بگیرد.Editing and Recovering a Few Couplets Based on Rasael al-Oshaq va Vasael al-Moshtaq Manuscript
Abstract Rasael al-Oshaq va Vasael al-Moshtaq manuscript by Sayfi-e Neyshaburi is a Persian prose text of the 6th century AH and was written in a collection of one hundred love letters. The presence of poetry throughout this book is so remarkable that each letter contains fifteen couplets from different poets on average. This manuscript was transcribed in 685 AH, and holds a significant value in the fields of poetry studies, linguistics, source attribution, and poem editing due to its antiquity. In this article, while searching for the sources of all poems in Rasael al-Oshaq, common couplets were identified in other manuscripts or poetry texts. These couplets were either inaccurately transcribed or left incomplete due to their lack of authenticity or damage to those manuscripts. With the assistance of the Rasael al-Oshaq, these couplets were edited or recovered. Moreover, 11 quatrains and 3 couplets from important texts such as Nozhat al-Majales, Divan-e Anwari, Divan-e Moezzi-e, Divan-e Sanaei, Divan-e Azraqi, Divan-e Kamal al-Din-e Esmaeil, Divan-e Razi al-Din-e Neyshaburi, Majmoey-e Robaeiyat-e Kohan (Istanbul University manuscript), and Jong-e Sayyed Elahi have been edited and retrieved. The edited couplets in this study should be presented to researchers for future editing of each of the mentioned texts. Keywords: Rasael al-Oshaq va Vasael al-Moshtaq, Manuscript editing, Poem editing, Quatrain editing, Poem recovering. Introduction The Rasael al-Oshaq va Vasael al-Moshtaq is a book by Masoud-e ibn-e Aḥmad-e Sayfi-e Neyshaburi whose only manuscript (preserved in the Library of the Elmali in Turkey, manuscript No. 3005) has recently been published in the facsimile form with the efforts of Javad Bashari. The title of this book is recorded as “Rasael al-Oshaq va Vasael al-Moshtaq” on page 2r of the manuscript, and the name of the author is mentioned as “Abol al-Ma’ali Masoud-e ibn-e Aḥmad al-Sayfi” on page 1v. This version, as indicated in its final page, was transcribed in the year 685 AH and due to its large number of poems (approximately 1500 couplets) and its antiquity, has substantial value in the fields of poetry studies (especially quatrain studies), stylistics, linguistics, poem editing, and source-searching attribution to the poets whose names are associated with the poems. This book includes an introduction, a chapter on the nature of friendship and its various forms, one hundred love letters, and a concluding chapter. It is written in a decorative prose adorned with literary devices. In each letter, the author intersperses couplets from contemporary or earlier poets within the text. The presence of poetry throughout the book is exceptional to the extent that no letter exists without poetry. On average, each letter contains fifteen couplets cited as evidence from poets. While the thematic context often necessitates romantic poetry, various poetic forms are included, with quatrains being the predominant form. This book remains the oldest known Persian prose work in which the states and various types of relationships between lovers and their beloved ones are discussed in detail. It provides insights into earthly love and its diverse aspects throughout the entire text. From a literary perspective, it can be considered one of the most important poetic texts in Persian literature. Saifi Neyshaburi portrays specific aspects of love from both the lover’s and beloved’s perspectives in each of these one hundred letters, making it highly valuable for historical and social studies of that era. Discussion and Methods After tracing the sources of all the poems in this ancient manuscript during the completion of the author’s master’s thesis entitled “Source-Searching and Editing the Poems of Rasael al-Oshaq va Vasael al-Moshtaq” (refer to Ashayeri, 2024), and discovering many couplets in various divans, anthologies, historical accounts, and prose texts, a few couplets were found in Divans and texts (including printed editions and
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