تحلیل مؤلفه های اثرگذار بر گسترش فعالیت های خرد کشاورزی در روستاهای پیراشهری آستانه اشرفیه (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
کشاورزی مهم ترین فعالیت اقتصادی سکونتگاه های روستایی استان گیلان می باشد که در اشکال و اندازه های مختلف صورت می گیرد. فعالیت های خرد کشاورزی در مناطق سنتی معمولاً یک گزینه مهم در کنار فعالیت اصلی، برای معیشت کشاورزان به شمار می رود. از سوی دیگر این کشاورزی تحت مؤلفه هایی قرار دارد که درنهایت بر گسترش فعالیت های خرد کشاورزی اثرگذار می باشند. هدف این مطالعه رتبه بندی مؤلفه های اثرگذار بر گسترش فعالیت های خرد کشاورزی در روستاهای پیراشهری آستانه اشرفیه می باشد. روش تحقیق به صورت توصیفی - تحلیلی و روش جمع آوری اطلاعات اسنادی و پیمایشی بوده است. جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر بهره برداران 9 روستای پیراشهری آستانه اشرفیه که دارای فعالیت های خرد کشاورزی بوده (تمام شماری)، تشکیل داده اند. به همین منظور تعداد 350 نفر از افراد فعال در حوزه فعالیت های خرد کشاورزی به عنوان نمونه آماری بر اساس نمونه گیری تصادفی- سهمیه ای انتخاب شدند. برای تجزیه وتحلیل اطلاعات از آزمون فریدمن و برای بررسی معنی دار بودن مؤلفه های موردبررسی از آزمون t استفاده شد. یافته های نشان داد که درمجموع 55 مؤلفه اثرگذار بر فعالیت های خرد کشاورزی در آستانه اشرفیه شناسایی شدند که دارای قابلیت رتبه بندی هستند. بالاترین اولویت مرتبط با تکنولوژی و مکانیزاسیون با میانگین رتبه ای برابر با 5/39 می باشد. رتبه دوم مرتبط با بهبود بازدهی با میانگین رتبه 4/38، رتبه سوم با 6/36 مرتبط با درآمد می باشد. همچنین رتبه چهارم به استفاده از تسهیلات با میانگین رتبه ای برابر 6/35 اختصاص داشته است.Analysis of the factors affecting the expansion of micro-agricultural activities in the peri-urban villages of Astane Ashrafieh County
Introduction Astana Ashrafieh County in the east of Guilan province, with suitable environmental conditions, besides the main activity of the villagers, which is the cultivation and production of rice, other activities are carried out, which are common to micro-agricultural activities. Micro-agricultural activities are a type of family exploitation and include activities that, in addition to the main activity of rice cultivation, are carried out by family labor in small-scale lands of less than two to three thousand square meters and for about nine months of the year. It is done by the villagers in such a way that its economic effects are very appropriate, significant and thoughtful considering the sales market. The expansion of micro-agricultural activities in the peri-urban villages of Astana Ashrafieh has had a positive effect on the economy and rural development of this area, so that it has led to an increase in the income and employment of the villagers. Since micro-farming needs to expand and develop to provide food for the growing population, it is therefore necessary to examine the effective components of the expansion of this style of agriculture and exploit the dimensions and indicators related to them.Methodology The current research is descriptive-analytical in terms of its practical purpose and its nature. The purpose of this research is to determine the factors affecting the expansion of micro-agricultural activities in the peri-urban villages of Astana Ashrafieh, which was done using documentary sources and field studies in the form of a questionnaire tool. The statistical population of the current research is 9 villages with micro-agricultural activities around the city of Astana Ashrafieh, and due to the importance of the issue, in the section of the effective factors in the expansion of micro-agricultural activities, the full enumeration method was used, and in order to determine the factors influencing the expansion of micro-agricultural activities, random sampling was used. - Quotas have been used. 350 people active in the field of micro-agricultural activities were selected as a statistical sample and descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis and SPSS software was used for data processing.Results and discussion In order to determine the influencing factors on micro-agricultural activities in the peri-urban villages of Astana Ashrafieh, 55 variables were used and Friedman's test was used in the SPSS environment to prioritize them. In the first step of this matter, it was investigated that the factors affecting the expansion of micro-agricultural activities in the studied villages are in a meaningful situation. Based on the results of the t-statistics table, it can be said that all the components have a favorable situation and are significant for the development of micro-agricultural activities. After ranking the variables affecting the expansion of micro-agricultural activities in the peri-urban settlements of Astana Ashrafieh, the factors affecting the expansion of micro-agricultural activities have been prioritized based on the indicators of economic security, causes of activity expansion, economic well-being, cultivation and production problems, and social characteristics. The findings show that the economic security index was made using 9 components, based on which the income component was the most important influencing component in this index with an average of 36.68. According to the index of the reason for the development and expansion of micro-agricultural activities, the component of technology and mechanization has the highest priority as the reason for the development and expansion of this activity with an average rank of 39.55. In the economic well-being index, 9 components are used, the components of using facilities with an average of 35.62, savings with an average of 33.76, and ownership and access to a vehicle with an average of 3.13 in the first to third ranks of the welfare index. Economic expansion of micro-agricultural activities. The index of suitable cultivation and production conditions is evaluated with 10 components, which include the possibility of product supply in the local market (average 34.14), access and supply of products in local markets (average 33.85) and insurance of agricultural products (average 32.58). The most important influencing factor of this index. And finally, the index of social characteristics, which was evaluated using 7 components, showed that the component of the level of education with an average of 25.53 was the most important component of the index of social characteristics, which contributed to the expansion of micro-agricultural activities in peri-urban villages.Conclusion Micro-agricultural activities have been considered as an important activity in addition to the main activity of villagers in order to provide food and sustainable rural development due to their simplicity and the possibility of doing them in farms and small spaces. Astana Ashrafieh County in the east of Guilan province is the most important geographical area of this province, which, due to having favorable environmental conditions, especially fertile soil, sufficient water resources and local knowledge, a significant part of the rural population of this city, besides the main activity and around It occupies 9 months of the year. This research aims to determine the factors affecting the expansion of micro-agricultural activities in the peri-urban rural settlements of Astana Ashrafieh with 55 components and using the t-test, they were first ranked and then through the Friedman test, these components were ranked in the form of indicators of economic security, reasons for the expansion of activity, welfare economic, suitable cultivation and production conditions and social characteristics have been investigated and analyzed. Based on the results obtained, the index of the reasons for the expansion of micro-agricultural activities with 8 components and an average of 29.02, is the most effective index in this field. Economic welfare indicators with 9 components and an average of 28.90 are in the second place, providing suitable conditions for cultivation and production with 10 components and an average of 28.14 in the third place, economic security index with 9 components and an average of 27.15 in the fourth place and the characteristics Social with 7 components and an average of 23.40 has ranked fifth in influencing the expansion of small farming activities in peri-urban villages of Astana Ashrafieh.
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