نظام پرداخت های بازنشستگی کارکنان نهادهای حاکمیتی (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
یکی از مراحل فرآیند برنامه ریزی نیروی انسانی، برنامه ریزی برای دوران بازنشستگی سرمایه های انسانی است که در بیشتر سازمان ها از جایگاه والایی برخوردار نبوده و کمتر به آن توجه می شود. نظام پرداخت های بازنشستگی نهادهای حاکمیتی هم مستثنی از مدل عام کشوری نبوده و دارای مشکلاتی هستند، لذا باید در جهت رفع اشکالات و ارائه راهکار تلاش شود. از این رو هدف این مقاله طراحی و ارائه مدلی برای نظام پرداخت های بازنشستگی کارکنان نهادهای حاکمیتی جمهوری اسلامی ایران می باشد. برای انجام این پژوهش عوامل مؤثر در بهبود نظام پرداخت بازنشستگی و مدل های موجود در منابع کتابخانه ای شامل کتب و مقالات به صورت جامع استخراج گردیدند. موارد به دست آمده طی پرسشنامه ای در اختیار جامعه خبرگی (شامل 30 نفر از مدیران باسابقه و موفق اجرایی و عملیاتی واحدهای نیروی انسانی نمونه آماری قرار گرفت و نظرات آنان گردآوری گردید. با تأیید مدل با شش متغیر «لایه های بازنشستگی»، «طرح های بازنشستگی»، «عوامل مرتبط با نظام پرداخت بازنشستگی»، «برنامه های بازنشستگی» و «انواع بازنشستگی» و «نظام جبران خدمت» گردید. داده های گردآوری شده با استفاده از نرم افزارهای SPSS و AMOS مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند و در نهایت مدل معادلات ساختاری مطلوب نظام پرداخت های بازنشستگی در سازمان های امنیتی و دفاعی جمهوری اسلامی ایران ارائه شد.Retirement payment system for employees of governmental institutions
Introduction: One of the stages of the human resources planning process is the planning for the retirement of human properties, which in most organizations has not received much attention. Organizations, as well as overseeing, planning, organizing, and supervising their employees for the selection, recruitment, training and employment of their employees, must also think about the retirement of their employees. Sovereign Institutions of the Islamic Republic of Iran are not exceptions to the general model of the country and have problems, so some reforms proposed from within the system to reform the country's pension system. The aim of this study is to provide desirable Structural equation model for pension payments system of sovereign institutions employees in Islamic republic of Iran. Methodology: To do this study, models and related factors in design of pension payments system from scientific articles were examined which resulted in the extraction of variables, dimensions and components of the comprehensive model. The data collected through a questionnaire. These activities resulted in confirm the presented pattern with 6 variables; "Retirement Layers", "Retirement Plans", "Pension Payments System Factors", "Retirement Programs", "Retirement Types" and " Compensation Systems", 25 dimensions and 57 components. The purpose of correlational research is to understand complex patterns through the study of the relationships between the variables of the patterns that interactions between them. This method is especially useful in situations where the aim is to discover the relationship between variables that did not researched. In addition, the Delphi technique used in various stages of the research, including designing the data collection tool, compiling the initial research model and determining the indicators, as well as validating the final research model. The statistical population of the current research consists of two groups as follows:A. The first group includes experts and professors who are experts in the field of human resources management and administrative affairs and familiar with management issues and familiar with employee issues in the public sector.B. The second group includes all the employees of the organizations of Kerman province in the framework of the case study.At the time of the research, the number of employees included 1047 people. Using Morgan's table to select the sample size, 282 people were determined and selected by simple random sampling. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software. Results and Discussion: Basically, retirement payment systems tailor to the specific circumstances of each country, including the level of development, demographic trends, macroeconomic policies, infrastructure, institutional capacity and depth and ability of financial markets.In final, to solve the problems of pension funds, the need for technical changes in the method of calculating pensions, changing the retirement age, reducing benefits, introducing new types of financing such as public and private savings schemes or ways to improve governance and income generation and investment policies of the funds is discussed. In order to examine and determine the effectiveness of the proposed research model, the conceptual model and test results of the present research questions were provided to the experts, and they were asked to determine whether the proposed model was effective or not according to the conceptual model and the results. The results showed that 18 (91%) of the experts confirmed the effectiveness of the pattern. Conclusion: Although, in order to improve the measurement of the effectiveness and the optimal pattern of the system of pension payments for the employees of the governing institutions of the Islamic Republic of Iran and to explain the factors related to it, it is felt to identify the dimensions and network the structural components more precisely. Of course, assuming constant economic and climatic conditions considered one of the limitations of the research.In order to improve the situation of the pension payment system, two corrective solutions proposed: first is to increase the retirement age and the minimum number of years of service. Considering that the life expectancy has increased, there is no reason for the retirement age to remain constant. The improvement of health indicators means that people have the ability to work for more years, and therefore, with the amendment of the legal retirement age, the number of years of receiving a pension reduced and the number of years of paying insurance premiums increased. This solution also has favorable results for the economy because it adds to the supply of formal labor. The second solution is to increase the number of base years for pension calculation.
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