اثر بخشی آموزش خودمراقبتی در فضای مجازی به دانش آموزان بر ابعاد سلامتی (روانی، اجتماعی و جسمانی) و رضایت مندی از زندگی شخصی (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
پژوهش پیش رو با هدف اثربخشی آموزش خودمراقبتی در فضای مجازی به دانش آموزان بر ابعاد سلامتی (روانی، اجتماعی و جسمانی) و رضایت مندی از زندگی شخصی دانش آموزان مقطع متوسطه اول شهرستان بوکان طراحی و اجرا شد. روش پژوهش نیمه آزمایشی و از نوع طرح پیش آزمون – پس آزمون همراه با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه دانش آموزان مقطع اول متوسطه شهرستان بوکان در سال تحصیلی 1401-1400 بود که از میان آن ها، 72 نفر به شیوه نمونه گیری خوشه ای با جایگزینی تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل (هر کدام 36 نفر) قرار گرفتند. داده های پژوهش با استفاده از پرسشنامه سلامت (Goldberg & Hillier, 1979) و مقیاس رضایت مندی از زندگی دانش آموزان(Hubener, 1994) گردآوری شد. تجزیه وتحلیل داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار Spss26 صورت پذیرفت. نتایج حاصل از تحلیل کواریانس تک متغیره، تفاوت معناداری میان گروه آزمایش و کنترل را در ابعاد سلامتی و رضایت مندی از زندگی شخصی نشان داد (01/0≥P) که این تفاوت ناشی از آموزش خودمراقبتی به دانش آموزان است. همچنین نتایج حاصل از تحلیل کواریانس چندمتغیره نشان داد که اثربخشی آموزش خودمراقبتی در فضای مجازی بر ابعاد سلامتی، بیشترین تأثیر را بر سلامت روانی و کمترین تأثیر را بر سلامت اجتماعی داشته است. بر اساس یافته های پژوهش می توان از آموزش خودمراقبتی در فضای مجازی برای افزایش سلامت روانی، اجتماعی، جسمانی و رضایت مندی از زندگی شخصی دانش آموزان استفاده نمود. با توجه به نتایج پژوهش پیشنهاد می شود که دولت در حوزه آموزش خودمراقبتی دانش آموزان و افزایش سواد فضای مجازی افراد جامعه گام بردارد.The Effectiveness of Self-Care Training In Virtual Space For Students on Health Dimensions (Psychological, Social And Physical) And Their Life Satisfaction
Virtual space is like a double-edged sword and a double-sided coin, which is neither absolute good nor absolute evil. Unfortunately, in the current era in Iran, due to many reasons, such as lack of attention to planning, policy making, and action in virtual space, the positive and constructive opportunities of this space has not been used well and the damage caused by this space is spreading rapidly. Considering the ease of access to the virtual space and the virtualization of education in the era of Covid-19 and the fact that the media literacy of students is much higher than their parents, therefore, we cannot control and monitor students by force, threats and limiting programs children like. The evidence indicates that the best program for students is to teach them how to use virtual space and self-care, which is also introduced in the Holy Quran as the best way to save oneself from sins, self-calculation or self-care. Students' self-care in the cyberspace includes an inner feeling and holding force in the students that makes them monitor their actions and behavior in the cyberspace. Our society is in the most severe need for the growth and education of students in the field of self-care. One of the components that cyberspace strongly affects is the health of students. But according to the definition of the World Health Organization that health means the complete social, mental and physical well-being of a person and not only the absence of disability and disease, so we must pay attention to the mental and social health of students in the virtual space at the same time as physical health. Life Satisfaction is another component that decreases due to improper use of virtual space. Life satisfaction is the process of people's judgment about themselves. In this process, people measure the quality of their life according to their unique criteria, and it is necessary to have an effective, useful and satisfying life. This judgment process includes a comparison between a person's hypothetical standards and his goals and aspirations with his real life, and the closer his real life is to these hypothetical standards, the more satisfied a person feels with life, and vice versa. It is also mentioned in the Quran that students start taking care of their soul, tongue and all their parts and organs from almost the second year of elementary school and without the need for adults to calculate their actions, they calculate their own soul and h/she is responsible for his/her soul and his/her actions and fights with the air of the soul and achieves self-care so to speak. Researchers conducted in connection with life satisfaction among students have shown that the satisfaction and positive perception of life in the age group of students is completely different from other age groups. Anxiety, hopelessness and depression are among the undesirable effects of dissatisfaction with life, which will result in the reduction of social trust, social participation and cooperation. Also, the research results indicate that students who use cyber space incorrectly have low life satisfaction and also this group of students have low self-esteem. In general, considering the vital use of virtual space in today's era, especially considering the virtualization of education in the Covid-19 crisis and the ineffectiveness of negative and positive policies, programs should be designed in which the students themselves are involved and instead of controlling the students, it causes their inner transformation. Therefore, the current research was designed and implemented with the aim of the effectiveness of teaching self-care to students in virtual space on health dimensions (mental, social and physical) and satisfaction with personal life of students of the first secondary level of Boukan. The research method was semi-experimental and pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population included all the first grade high school students of Boukan in the academic year of 1401-1400, among them, 72 people were placed in two experimental and control groups (36 people each) by means of purposeful and cluster sampling with random replacement. Research data were collected using the Goldberg & Hillier (1979) health questionnaire and the Hubener (1994) student life satisfaction scale. Data analysis was done using spss software. The results of multivariate covariance analysis showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of health (P≥0.01), which is the result of self-care training for students. Therefore, in today's world, with the progress of communication and the ease of access to the virtual space, self-care and participation of the individual seems to be necessary. Because external care has a temporary effect and people take care of themselves due to a kind of external motivation and in some cases it has lasting effects, but self-care causes a kind of internal motivation and lasting commitment in a person. Also, self-care enables a person to maximize their performance and participate to the best of their ability in family, school, work and social life. Also, the results of univariate covariance analysis showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the variable of satisfaction with students' personal life (P≥0.01). Self-care includes purposeful, conscious, acquisition actions that individuals do for themselves and even their families to stay healthy and well, to take care of their mental and physical health, to meet their social and psychological needs, to be safe from accidents and illnesses, and to In general, they always seek to feel satisfied with life, because self-care obviously leads to personal skills and increased efficiency, and it causes people to have better and higher supervision and control over their personal lives, and to become capable, self-efficacious and highly agency people. In the end, according to the results of the research, it is suggested that the government should take steps in the field of self-care education for students and increase the cyberspace literacy of the society, instead of spending a lot of money on filtering and other policies. It is also suggested that teaching classes at the school level and the views of trainers and counselors be changed from self-care to self-care, and the subject of self-care should be included in the curriculum of all levels of education.
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