نقش فناوری های نوین مالی (فین تک ها) بر مصارف پایه پولی در ایران (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
امروزه فناوری های نوین مالی (فین تک ها) باعث ایجاد تغییرات وسیع در صنعت بانکداری شده اند. در سال های اخیر فناوری های نوین مالی به پرطرفدارترین واژه در بازارهای اقتصادی جهان تبدیل گشته، سرمایه گذاران در این بازارهای نوظهور، برای ارتقا جایگاه خود در پی دستیابی به نوآوری ها هستند. هرچند فناوری های نوین مالی برای رسیدن به جایگاه مطلوب راه طولانی در پیش دارند، اما این فناوری های نوین مالی توانسته اند تغییرات چشم گیری را در برخی از متغیرهای اقتصادی به وجود آورند لذا اثرگذاری فناوری های نوین مالی بر روی متغیرهای اقتصادی ازجمله متغیرهای پولی اجتناب ناپذیر است. این اثرگذاری منجر گردیده که پیش بینی رفتار این متغیرها (فناوری های نوین مالی) برای سیاست گذاران به ویژه در حوزه پولی لازم دانسته، ازاین رو در این پژوهش به بررسی نقش فناوری های نوین مالی (فین تک ها) بر مصارف پایه پولی در ایران در طی سال های 1392-1398 به صورت فصلی پرداخته شده است. در این پژوهش از متغیر مجموع تراکنش های موبایل و اینترنت (وب سایت های خارج از بانک-ها و اپلیکیشن ها) به عنوان متغیر فناوری نوین مالی استفاده شده است. مدل مورداستفاده، مدل خود توضیحی با وقفه های توزیعی (ARDL) است. نتایج به دست آمده نشان می دهد که ظهور فناوری های نوین مالی باعث افزایش ضریب فزاینده پولی، سرعت گردش پول و عرضه پول می گردد و از طرفی منجر به کاهش مصارف پایه پولی می گردد.The Role of new Financial Technology (Finteches) on Monetary Base Usages in Iran
Today, new financial technologies (fin Teches) have caused extensive changes in the banking industry. In recent years, new financial technologies have become the most popular term in the word is economic markets. Investors in these emerging markets are looking to innovate to improve their position. However, new financial technologies to achieve the desired position. they have a long way to g but these new financial technologies have been able to make significant changes in some economic variable, but the impact of new financial technologies on economic variables, including monetary variables, is inevitable. This effect has led to the prediction of the behavior of these variables (new financial technology) for policy makers, especially in the monetary field, so in this study to investigate the role of new financial technology (fin Teches) on Monetary Base Usages in the Iran during The years 1392-1398 are paid quarterly. In this research, the variable of total mobile and Internet (off-bank websites and applications) transactions has been used as a variable of new financial technology The model used is the self- explanatory model Auto Regressive Distributed lag (ARDL) The results show that the emergence of new financial technologies increases Income Velocity, Money multiplier and Supply of Money and on the other hand leads to a decrease Monetary Base Usages. In general, new financial technologies (fintechs) are closely related to the startup business. Establishing e-commerce requires appropriate economic, technical, telecommunication, legal, human and cultural foundations. New financial technologies play an important role in the development of e-commerce, and new banking services and products, including contactless payment models, financial systems created by public donations, and other such models, can provide important and new opportunities for banks. New banking based on financial technology allows banks to expand and expand their market beyond traditional deposit and lending schemes. Double new banking can reduce the bank's operating costs. On a larger scale, the continued advancement of financial technology-based banking can contribute to reducing retail transaction costs both nationally and internationally, and this in turn can potentially lead to greater productivity and economic prosperity. Therefore, new financial technology and its impact on the monetary sphere and its concepts and nature need to be studied and explained. In this study, the role of new financial technology on monetary base expenditures in Iran will be investigated. Money, the speed of money circulation, the increasing monetary coefficient and the monetary base expenditures in Iran are discussed. In the last chapter, the conclusions and necessary proposals for the use of new financial technology in Iran are mentioned. نوشتار مبدأ 2662 / 5000 نتایج ترجمه Today, with the influence of the Internet and dramatic developments in cyberspace, the rise of information technology, the need for innovation in the financial industry is felt more. New financial technology (FinTech) means using technological innovations for better efficiency of financial operations. New financial technology is a combination of the two words Financial and Technology, meaning "finance" and "technology"; Which is the growing achievement of the fourth set of technologies of the Industrial Revolution; Which has led to the transformation, increase of quality and creation of financial perspective along with significant reduction of costs and increase of diversity of services. Financial Technology (FinTech) Explains the connection of new technologies, especially with the Internet, to business activities in the field of financial services; Thus, financial technology seeks to penetrate the heart of the financial system and challenge traditional financial institutions. Defining financial technology from the perspective of the National Center for Digital Research in Dublin, Ireland is financial service innovation (Gomber, 2017). 2-2- In general, in Iran and the world, the field of financial technology activity can be divided into five categories: 1. Industry-oriented financial technologies: This group focuses more on the banking and insurance industry. Although the primary purpose of financial technologies was to eliminate the inefficiency of traditional financial intermediaries, but due to the deep roots of banks and insurance in the economies of countries. Financial institutions have not been available, so traditional intermediaries have been identified as the main investors in financial technology, using the capacity of financial technology to increase their competitive advantage, market share and reduce operating costs. For example, with the opening of virtual branches, the expansion of ATMs, the Internet, etc., banks avoid opening physical branches, thus reducing public costs, etc. 2- Process-oriented technologies: In this group, financial technologies are used by using the capacity of technology to regulate and integrate financial data in such a way that by collecting published information from various databases such as banks, etc., the possibility of optimal financing for Owners, including industries, investors, etc. provide. 3- Customer-oriented financial technologies: This group of financial technologies, according to their knowledge of the economic behavior of small and large customers in financial markets, provide services to customers, such as the country's banking network due to its diverse division into development, commercial and. .. In each subgroup, the provision of services is different from the other subgroups 4. Interactive financial technologies: This group of financial technologies play a major role in e-commerce 5- Active financial technologies in terms of market position: In this group of financial technology, according to the position of technology in the market, it provides services such as bank against central bank, companies, etc. In each bank has a special role and position. Which provides services according to its position (Madanloo Joybari et al., 1397; Tavakoli and Asadi Lari, 1397; Fleitner, 2017).
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