تاثیر فرم در معنای مکان آموزشی بر اساس نظریه وندر کلیس و کارستون (مطالعه موردی: مدارس شهر تبریز) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
مدارس به عنوان فضای آموزشی از دیرباز نقش پر رنگی را در جامعه داشته اند و ویژگی هاى معمارى آنها، در کنار دیگر ویژگی هاى محیطی، عواملی بر ایجاد معنای مکان بوده که در این میان می توان از "فرم" به عنوان یکی از این عوامل نام برد. هدف این تحقیق تحلیل و بررسی نقش فرم در جهت دهی معنای مکان آموزشی و مقایسه آن در گذر زمان بر روی مدارس تبریز می باشد. این پژوهش از تحقیقات کاربردی و از منظر ماهیت، در مجموعه پژوهش های کیفی قرار گرفته است. روش تحقیق از نوع توصیفی-تحلیلی بوده و شیوه جمع آوری اطلاعات به صورت کتابخانه ای و پیمایش های میدانی می باشد. ابتدا با کمک مبانی نظری – بر اساس نظریه وندرکلیس و کارستون- جایگاه فرم را به عنوان یکی از مولفه های تاثیرگذار در معنای مکان مشخص نموده و با تکنیک تحلیلی-مقایسه ای به بررسی نمونه های موردی می پردازد. نتایج حاکی از آن است که با گذشت زمان ؛ مدارس معاصر نسبت به مدارس سنتی و تاریخی بخاطر تغییر فرم معنای محیطی خود را از دست داده اند و بیشتر به صنعتی سازی براساس فرم های ثابت پیش مهندسی گرایش پیدا کرده اند؛ و نتایج نشان داد فرم در ایجاد معنای محیطی و مکانی نقش و تاثیر مهمی دارد.The effectiveness of form on the meaning of educational place based on the theory of van der Klis & Karsten (Case study: Tabriz schools)
Schools as a learning space has long played a special role in society and its architectural features, along with other environmental characteristics, can lead to the meaning of the educational place; meanwhile , space syntax plays a significant role in shaping the spatial meaning. The study of previous studies shows that many factors have a role in the meaning of educational space but has paid less attention to the form as one of those components. Therefore, the present study seeks to identify components in order to make the educational environment meaningful from the viewpoint of van der Klis and Karsten; the aim of this survey is to study the effectiveness of form in the meaning of schools of Tabriz from Qajar to contemporary period .Regarding the importance and necessity of this research , there are many reasons that due to the civilization of the Iranian - Islamic culture , schools are one of the most prominent cultural places , the place for the growth of the place and the social character and its effect on the physical features and its impact on its meaning and it is necessary for future designs to be more coherent and detailed in future designs with their detailed knowledge of this issue. This article is considered as applied one and it is in the nature of qualitative research. The research method is descriptive-analytical and the method of data collection is library and field surveys. First, with the help of theoretical foundations - a detailed review of previous studies based on the theory of Van der Klis & Karsten - the position of form as one of the influential components in the meaning of place is determined and after obtaining its indicators, with analytical-comparative technique, Logical case studies will lead to the achievement of research objectives. For a more accurate analysis and better comparative comparison of schools over time; the statistical population is the schools of Tabriz based on Qajar, Pahlavi and contemporary periods. Form as one of the influential components in the meaning of educational place plays an essential role and this is also observed in influencing other components. The form is not only effective in general, but also the details in which it is present. Form not only physically but also non-physically shows its effectiveness in making the educational environment meaningful. This relationship strengthens the factors and creates a different semantic orientation. According to comparative studies of form changes in schools; these changes were examined from different aspects including plan, facade and volume. The results of the research indicate that over time; Contemporary schools have departed from their original meaning compared to traditional schools (Qajar period) and have tended to industrialize; If its effects can be seen in the quality of schools; As a result, some contemporary schools have lost their meaning. Given the nature of this research and the focus on form, it is necessary to examine this issue in other ways in future articles.
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