بررسی میزان تاب آوری اجتماعی- فرهنگی، نهادی- سازمانی، در محلات شهر زنجان (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
تاب آوری شهری، مدلول دیالکتیک تغییر است که همزاد مدرنیته، ابتدا در بستر شهر نمود فضایی- مکانی یافته است. رخداد تغییر، هستی شناسی نوینی از فضا را افشا می کند که همانا فرماسیون متکثری به خود می گیرد و در واقع نقض انگاره کانتی از فضا است. مدلول دیالکتیک تغییر، ابتدا پیچیدگی وضعیت و سپس بحران های متعدد است که بر شهر آوار می شود به عبارت دیگر فاجعه ها در شهرها متمرکز هستند. پاردایم تاب آوری شهری فراهم نمودن دانش برنامه ریزی شهری بر بستر احتمالات و رشد پیچیدگی ها است. نظریه تاب آوری در طول چهار دهه گذشته به منظور توضیح تغییرات ناگهانی در سیستم های اجتماعی اکولوژیکی توسعه داده شد. تاب آوری ظرفیت یک سیستم برای مقاومت در برابر تغییرات داخلی یا خارجی است. هدف اصلی این پژوهش اندازه گیری میزان تاب آوری در ابعاد اجتماعی- فرهنگی، نهادی- سازمانی به منظور مقابله با اثرات سوانح طبیعی در شهر زنجان می باشد. در همین ارتباط جامعه آماری این تحقیق خانوارهای ساکن در سه محله شهر زنجان است که با استفاده از سرشماری سال 1395، مصاحبه با مسئولان ذیربط و توزیع پرسشنامه، از طریق فرمول کوکران 383 خانوار انتخاب شدند. در تحلیل اطلاعات نیز از روش های کمی- پیمایشی استفاده گردیده است. با توجه به تحلیل داده ها در محیط نرم افزار SPSS و همچنین تحلیل شبکه ای ANP با استفاده از نرم افزار super decisions برای تعیین درجه اهمیت هر کدام از مؤلفه های مذکور استفاده شده است. نتایج این پژوهش نشان می دهد که بین تاب آوری موجود در محلات نمونه و سطح تاب آوری آنها در ابعاد اجتماعی- فرهنگی، نهادی- سازمانی رابطه معناداری وجود دارد و با تغییر هر یک از آنها، میزان تاب آوری خانوارها نیز تغییر می یابد. واژگان کلیدی: تاب آوری، سوانح طبیعی، جوامع تاب آور، محلات زنجانSurveying of socio-cultural, institutional-organizational resilience in the city quarters of Zanjan
Introduction Socio-economic transformations and its metamorphoses in the some natural, environmental and sociological spheres have reached to complex stage that epistemological reading of it needs to readout of the philosophical and theosophy and literacy tradition on the lived and non-lived experience of communities at the length of history. The most important factor of this situation is the dialectic of change that twin of modernity that firstly it has been revealed in the context of the city. Modernity as the driving force of development has created the city- change foundation. Dialectical signification of change , is firstly the complexity of the situation and then multiple crisis that come down on city in other word disasters are concentrated in cities. Urban resilience paradigm is the provision of urban planning knowledge based on probabilities and growth of complexities. The theory of the resilience over the past four decades was developed to explain the sudden changes in socio- ecological systems. Resilience is the capacity of a system against the internal or external changes. Urban resilience is the multi-dimensional and therefore we consider analyzing of interaction and strength and weakness and threats and opportunity points of various dimensions of city system an by the way finding of minimum, middle and maximum optimum points in this debt. Olazabal and Chelleri have been reached to this conclusion that in order to rising of resilience , cities have to stepwise change about way of life, services, infrastructure, access to labor market and also organizational and commercial types. Because of this in the literature about resilience, terms such as protective factors, adaptive reactions, results and principled mechanisms are understood. resilience Infrastructures of Zanjan city is affected by both it's natural- absolute geography and by it's relative- human geography at the local and national level and scales. Data and Method The logic of the research , of course, is deductive reasoning. For this purpose, first, the basic theory of urban resilience that has been proposed in recent years was considered. Then by explanatory- analytical method, the indicators of this theory have been used for experimental expression in the field of the research. Results and Discussion Finally according to the evaluation of the average values of resilience from the sample areas can be said in fact there is downward trend in the rate of social resilience respectively from the neighborhoods of Karmandan and Sabzehmeydan to the Engelab square to Amirkabir neighborhoods. Descriptive analysis of the socio- cultural dimensions data of the resilience shows that the average resilience rate for all sample household is 97.42. this amount is equal to 152.067 for households of Karmandan, Sabzeh Meydan to Enghelab Square is 141.65 and Amirkabir is 139.72. Conclusions Natural hazards are not considered as natural destructive phenomena in the first view. They repeatedly occur in the nature. Today the most important hazards include earthquake, flood, storm, tsunamis, drought , landslide, volcano etc. countries around the world considering different management methods to deal with different types of risks in order to be able to implement risk reduction program. Resilience approach in order to strengthen of society capabilities and also reduce their vulnerability, promotes resilience of urban settlements . thus " analyzing and increasing resilience against natural disaster" has become more important and widespread area. So that currently discussed about simultaneous and reciprocal movement of sustainable development and disaster management toward increasing of resilience. Accordingly the analysis and increase of resilience of human and environmental systems against natural disasters in order to achieve the goal of sustainable development has been particular importance.
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